User:Jord/45s
The game of forty-fives (45’s) is based upon an old game played in Scotland & Ireland. It is most commonly known in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada.
45s is known by a few other names, formally as Auction 45s and also as Auction 120s and 120s. The name is derived from "the four 5s"; as the 5 of trump is the best card in play. Auction refers to the bidding process at the beginning of each hand and 120 refers to the score at which the game is won.
Note:
- incase the symbols don't show up properly on your screen, here is the key for them:
hearts is © spades is ª diamonds is ¨ clubs is § The Rules Players
The game is normally played with 4 or 6 players, in teams of two (those sitting opposite each other are on a team). The teams do not "table talk" or see each others hands but their points are kept as a total and strategy develops around that fact.
Variants:
the game can be played "cut throat" with 2, 3 or 5 players and no teams an experienced or brave player can play with a dummy partner... there are 5 cards dealt the spot opposite the player, the partner plays a card from this hand without viewing the hand Game Play
Dealing
Each player receives 5 cards, dealt in a group of 3, followed by a group of two. There is also a "kitty" of four cards from which the winning bidder can draw. The dealer deals 3 cards to the person to his left and to each subsequent player (including himself), then 2 to the kitty and 2 more to each player as well as two more to the kitty.
Variants:
the kitty is dealt three cards following the first round and gets no subsequent cards (3 total) the last card dealt to the kitty is turned face up to give players a "taste" of what is inside and finally a version where there is no kitty The Auction (bidding)
Each "trick" is worth 5 points, except the trick involving the best card in play which is worth 10 points. Thus, with 5 cards each, the total points for each hand is 30. Starting with the player to the left of the dealer, each player bids (or passes) in multiples of 5 starting at a minimum of 15. A player bids the number of points they assume they (and their partner) can win in the hand. A player may pass or bid higher than the bid currently on the table.
When the bid reaches the dealer, he may choose to "hold" it. If the bid stands at 20, and the deal holds it, he is exercising his privilege of bidding 20 as well. The high bidder and the dealer may then auction up until one gives up.
example: Player 1 bids 15. Player 2 passes. Player 3 bids 20. The dealer holds the bid. Player 3 bids 25. The dealer, not wanting to bid 25, allows Player 3 to take the bid at 25.
The high bidder must now call which suit will be "trump" and then gets to pick through the kitty for any better cards that may be within in.
If someone bids 30, which means they must take all of the tricks, this is called a 30 for 60 bid. This means that if they manage to take all of the tricks, they add 60 points to their score as opposed to 30. If they loose their bid they still only loose 30.
If a player/team is "in the hole" (has less then 0 points), then they may bid up past a 30 bid to a “60 for 120 bid”.
Additionally, if a bidder has a poor hand but has won the bid, he may choose to discard his entire hand and then take the kitty before declaring trump.
Variants:
there is no 60 for 120 bid there is no 30 for 60 bid the winning bidder may see the kitty before calling a suit the dealer cannot hold but bids just as a normal player the winning bidder may look at the kitty before declaring the trump Discarding
After the winner of the bid calls the suit, players may discard. A player may discard any, all or none of his cards. Normally a player discards all of their non-trump, but this can vary depending on individual strategy.
Once players have discarded, the dealer fills each hand back up to 5, dealing no more than 3 cards at a time, as above.
Variants:
a player can discard no more than 4 cards the dealer can deal out as many cards as needed, rather than a maximum of 3 Ordinal Value of Cards
TRUMP FACE CARDS 5 J A© A K Q
Note that the ace of hearts is always trump.
NON-TRUMP FACE CARDS A K Q J
The lower valued cards are worth the same in the hierarchy whether they are trump or non-trump. Though their value varies based on their colour. The "rule of thumb" is "highest in red, lowest in black," that is to say that the 2 of clubs is the best non-face club, and the 10 of diamonds is the best non-face diamond.
To simplify, here is the breakdown from best to worst for each suit:
hearts as trump --> 5©, J©, A©, K©, Q©, 10©, 9©, 8©, 7©, 6©, 4©, 3©, 2© hearts as non-trump --> K©, Q©, J©, 10©, 9©, 8©, 7©, 6©, 5©, 4©, 3©, 2© clubs as trump --> 5§, J§, A©, A§, K§, Q§, 10§, 9§, 8§, 7§, 6§, 4§, 3§, 2§ clubs as non-trump --> A§, K§, Q§, J§, 10§, 9§, 8§, 7§, 6§, 5§, 4§, 3§, 2§ diamonds as trump --> 5¨, J¨, A©, A¨, K¨, Q¨, 10¨, 9¨, 8¨, 7¨, 6¨, 4¨, 3¨, 2¨ diamonds as non-trump --> A¨, K¨, Q¨, J¨, 10¨, 9¨, 8¨, 7¨, 6¨, 5¨, 4¨, 3¨, 2¨ spades as trump --> 5ª, Jª, A©, Aª, Kª, Qª, 10ª, 9ª, 8ª, 7ª, 6ª, 4ª, 3ª, 2ª spades as non-trump --> Aª, Kª, Qª, Jª, 10ª, 9ª, 8ª, 7ª, 6ª, 5ª, 4ª, 3ª, 2ª
Variants:
the ace is treated as a one when non-trump, it is the highest non-face card in red and the lowest card in black the 10 is treated as a face card, and as such is the best card after the queen (trump) or jack (non-trump) in both red & black suits Playing a hand
The person to the left of the dealer plays the first card and then the person to his left plays until it reaches the dealer. The best card laid takes the trick.
NOTE: - trump beats any other card regardless of value. -if no trump is played, then the suit of the first card laid is considered trump for determining the winner of that round
The winner of each round leads, then each player lays a card in turn, going clockwise (to the left).
If the player/team who took the bid doesn't get points equal or great to their bid then they are "set". This means that, regardless of the points earned in the hand, the bidding player/team has the value of their bid deducted from their score.
The non bidding player/team gains any points from the tricks they manage in the hand. This is unless they are past 100 points, at which time you have to "take the bid to count", that is to say once you pass 100, you must be the winning bidder in order to increase your score.
Variants:
the person who wins the bid leads, not the person to his left you only need to make a bid in order to count after 100 you only must bid 20 (and not necessarily take the bid) to count after 100 all above rules for reaching 100 points take effect at 90 Winning or Losing
The first player/team to 120 wins the game. If a player/team falls below -200 they automatically loose the game.
Variants:
a player/team must reach 125 to win, I personally enjoy this rule as it prevents the possibility of a win after just two hands (two successful 30 for 60 bids) a player/team looses after falling below -120 a player team/looses after being set 3 times a player team/looses after being set 3 consecutive times I hope that you have found these rules helpful, if you know of any variants I've not listed or see any errors, please let me know. I can be reached by email at jord@jord.ca.
Note: If you wish to post these rules on your site, it took me a long time to compile them so please have the courtesy to ask and to give me credit. Thanks