Wikipedia:WikiProject Rocks and minerals/Worklist

This is a list of the various minerals, mineraloids, and varieties that are in Wikipedia. The list is split into 3 sections - those done up top, those to do below, and minerals without wiki articles last. Note that this list was generated from List of minerals, so any omissions here ought to be corrected there too.

Minerals tagged with [i] are in need of images

Articles with infobox mineral

Extended content

A - J A Adamite Agate Analcite Anhydrite Apatite Astrophyllite Augite Axinite B C Carnotite [i] Cassiterite Chalcocite Chalcopyrite Chlorite Chromite Chrysoberyl Cinnabar Cordierite Corundum Covellite D Diamond Dioptase E F Fayalite Fluorite Forsterite [i] G Galena Graphite Gypsum H Halite Hematite Hemimorphite I J K Kyanite L - Z L Lapis lazuli M Magnesite Magnetite Molybdenite N Nickeline [i] O Opal P Pentlandite Petalite Pezzottaite [i] Phlogopite Pyrite Pyrolusite Pyrrhotite Q Quartz R Ruby S Sapphire Scheelite Sodalite Spinel Spodumene Stibnite T Tourmaline Turquoise U Uraninite V Vermiculite W Willemite Wolframite Wollastonite X Xenotime Y Z Zircon Zoisite

Existing Articles to be re-formatted

Extended content

A - J A Abelsonite [i] Abenakiite-(Ce) [i] Actinolite Alabaster Albite Alforsite [i] Altaite Alunite [i] Amazonite Amber Amblygonite [i] Amethyst Amphibole Anatase [i] Andalusite Anglesite [i] Anorthite [i] Aquamarine Aragonite Arfvedsonite [i] Armalcolite [i] Asbestos Aventurine [i] Azurite B Baddeleyite [i] Barite Bastnasite [i] Bauxite Bertrandite [i] Beryl Biotite Bornite Briartite [i] Brucite [i] C Calaverite [i] Calcite Canfieldite [i] Carnallite [i] Carnelian Celadonite [i] Celestine Cerussite Chabasite [i] Chalcedony Citrine [i] Clevite [i] Colemanite Coltan [i] Cooperite [i] Cryolite [i] Cuprite Cylindrite [i] D Datolite [i] Diaspore Diopside [i] E Emerald Epsom salt Euxenite [i] F Feldspar Ferberite [i] Fergusonite [i] Ferrocolumbite [i] Franckeite [i] G Gadolinite [i] Garnet Germanite [i] Gibbsite [i] Glauconite [i] Glaucophane [i] Goethite [i] H Hibonite [i] Hornblende Hutchinsonite [i] Hübnerite [i] Hyalite [i] I Illite Ilmenite [i] J Jade Jadeite [i] Jasper Jet [i] K Kainite [i] Kalsilite [i] Kamacite [i] Kaolinite Keilhauite [i] Kernite [i] Kobellite [i] Kogarkoite [i] L - Z L Lepidolite [i] Leucite [i] Lonsdaleite [i] Lorandite [i] M Malachite Malacolite [i] Marcasite Meerschaum Mendozite [i] Menilite [i] Mica Microcline Monazite Morganite [i] Muscovite N Nephiline [i] O Olivine Onyx Orthoclase [i] P Palagonite [i] Perlite Petzite [i] Phenakite [i] Plagioclase Pollucite [i] Polycrase Prehnite [i] Pyrochlore [i] Pyroxene Q R Rhodochrosite Riebeckite [i] Rutile S Samarskite [i] Sard [i] Serpentine Sillimanite Sperrylite [i] Stannite [i] Staurolite Steatite Strontianite [i] Sylvanite [i] Sylvite [i] T Talc Tantalite [i] Tanzanite Teallite [i] Thortveitite [i] Thorite [i] Titanite [i] Topaz Tremolite [i] U Ulexite V Vesuvianite [i] W X Y Z Zabuyelite [i] Zaccagnaite [i] Zaherite [i] Zeolite Ziesite [i] Zakharovite [i] Zanazziite [i] Zaratite [i] Zhemchuzhnikovite [i] Zimbabweite [i] Zinalsite [i] Zinc-melanterite [i] Zincite [i] Zincobotryogen [i] Zincochromite [i] Zinnwaldite [i] Zippeite [i] Zirconolite [i] Zircophyllite [i]

Important minerals after rruff.info

Introduction

Based on rruff.info/ima/, Fleischer's Glossary of Mineral Species (2008) and Nickel–Strunz (10 ed, mindat.org)

• Gemstones
  • Readily available gemstones (N: 47, abbreviation 'ravg') ✓
  • Unlikely available gemstones (N: 62, abbreviation 'unavg') ✓
  • Rare gemstones (N: 33, abbreviation 'rare') ✓
  • Extremely rare gemstones (N: 167, abbreviation 'xtr')
• Rock-forming minerals (N: 270, abbreviation 'rckf') ✓
• Textbook minerals (N: 457, abbreviation 'txtbk') ✓
• Water soluble minerals (N: 315, abbreviation 'slbl')
• Radioactive minerals (N: 264, abbreviation 'rdact')
• Mindat.org lists 289 solid solution series
  • Excluding doubles and questionable minerals (belyankinite and manganbelyankinite), ilmenorutile–strüverite (both rutile varieties) and albite–orthoclase
• For the sake of completness, abbreviation 'none':
  • Cadmium and chromium (native elements), moissanite (a natural silicon carbide, a diamond simulant and a LED), apophyllite-NaF (apophyllite group), euxenite-(Y) (columbite–euxenite), plumboferrite structural group (oxides), spertiniite (hydroxides), sulfate class, niobates (sulfates), bastnäsite-(Nd) and hydroxylbastnäsite (carbonates), scorodite (phosphates), zeunerite (phosphates), tsumcorite group (phosphates), berzeliite group (phosphates)
  • Moganite (silica family), tritomite group (nesosilicates), hafnon (nesosilicates), piemontite-Sr (sorosilicates), pumpellyite structural group (sorosilicates), osumilite-(Mg) (cyclosilicates), astrophyllite group (inosilicates), allophane (phyllosilicates), halloysite (phyllosilicates), imogolite (nanotube-like, phyllosilicates), brewsterite-Sr (zeolites), faujasite series (synthetic X and Y zeolites), mazzite-Mg (zeolites), thomsonite-Sr (zeolites)
• Other abbreviations: platinum group elements (PGE), rare earth elements (REE), light-emitting diode (LED), coltan (short for columbite–tantalite), standard temperature and pressure (STP), monosulfide solid solution (MSS)

• Notable people: Aleksandr Evgenievich Fersman (1883–1945, fersmanite); William Alexander Deer (1910–2009, deerite), Robert Andrew Howie (1923–2012, howieite), Jack Zussman (born 1924, zussmanite); John Barry Hawthorne (hawthorneite); Frank Christopher Hawthorne (born 1946, frankhawthorneite)

• The spinel structural group includes ringwoodite, a high-pressure polymorph of the olivine solid solution series.
• The quartz structural group includes the berlinite group.
• The rocksalt structural group includes periclase (oxide mineral).
• The wurtzite structural group includes moissanite (silicon carbide) and zincite (oxide mineral).
• Fleischer's Glossary had dmisteinbergite, a phyllosilicate, in the feldspar group.
• Some minerals have to be tagged with different groups:
  • The zeolite structural group includes weinebeneite (8.DA.20, WEI) and pahasapaite (8.CA.25, RHO, a beryllophosphate zeolite related to synthetic zeolite rho). Fleischer's Glossary had nabesite (9.EA.65), a phyllosilicate, in the zeolite group.
  • Amalgams include silver alloys.

• "Special" IMA status, "grandfathered" minerals: opal, chrysocolla? (mineraloids); microcline, sanidine (feldspars var.?); mercury (element), ice (low melting point); allophane, delvauxite, evansite, hisingerite (amorphous/ poorly cristalline); abhurite^H, hoelite^H (anthropogenic); actinolite^I, augite^I, aegirine-augite^I, omphacite^I (jadeite (25%-75%), augite (25%-75%), and aegirine (0%-25%); intermediate member of a solid solution series); dickite, nacrite (kaolinite var.)
• "Recent" important minerals: chesterite, jimthompsonite and yangite (inosilicates), moganite (silica family), olenite (tourmalines), labyrinthite ((Na,K,Sr)₃₅Ca₁₂Fe₃Zr₆TiSi₅₁O₁₄₄(O,OH,H₂O)₉Cl₃), pezzottaite (red beryl analogue), wadsleyite (Mg₂SiO₄, a sorosilicate and high pressure polymorth of forsterite), imogolite (nanotube-like)
  • Mcgovernite: Mn₁₉Zn₃(AsO₃)(AsO₄)₃(SiO₄)₃(OH)₂₁
• Chalcedony: traditionally a fibrous cryptocrystalline quartz var., more recently, a mixture of quartz and moganite.
• Structural groups are crystallographic groups that may contain minerals from more than one class/ subclass.
• Supergroups contain minerals from more than one class/ subclass.
• Anilite transforms to digenite during grinding.

Mineral groups, series and informal groups

• Amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist (2003), 41, p. 1355.
• Hornblende group: aluminous amphiboles in the calcium amphibole subgroup (Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (1997) Rock-forming minerals, volume 2B, Double Chain Silicates).
• Chlorite group: Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (1962) Rock-forming minerals, volume 3, Phyllosilicates?, p. 131.

• Simpler nomenclature: clinochlore group (Mg-rich), chamosite group (Fe-rich) and pennantite group (Mn-rich). Reference: An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals

• Melilite group: Ca
  ₂M(XSiO
  ₇), where M generally is Al or B and X is Si, Al or B.
• Micas: true micas, interlayer-deficient micas and brittle micas.
• Nigerite group: ferronigerite, magnesionigerite and zinconigerite
• Plagioclase: Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (2001) Rock-forming minerals, volume 4A, Framework Silicates - Feldspars, 2 ed.
• Garnets

• Pyralspite group: almandine, pyrope and spessartine garnets.
• Ugrandite group: uvarovite, grossular and andradite (u–gr–and); goldmanite, hibschite, katoite, kimzeyite and schorlomite garnets.

• Pyroxenes: Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (1978) Rock-forming minerals, volume 2A, Single-Chain Silicates, 2 ed.
• Serpentine: Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (1962) Rock-forming minerals, volume 3, Phyllosilicates?, p. 170.
• Smectite group: Hailiang Dong; Donald R. Peacor; Robert L. Freed (1997). "Phase relations among smectite, R1 illite-smectite, and illite" (PDF). America Mineralogist. 82: 379–391.
• Tourmaline: Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie and J. Zussman (1986) Rock-forming minerals, volume 1B, Disilicates and Ring Silicates, 2 ed., p. 559.

• Zeolites: Canadian Mineralogist (1997), 35, p. 1597.

Informal groups

• Illite (clay–mica) group: clay-like series, essentially a K-deficient muscovite. Reviews in Mineralogy 13 (1984), 495.

• Brammallite group: Na-rich illite. Canadian Mineralogist 36 (1998), 905.

• Glauconite group: Reviews in Mineralogy 13 (1984), 545.
• Lepidolite group: Canadian Mineralogist 36 (1998), 905.
• Feldspathoid group: silica deficient alkali feldspars (sometimes alumino-silicate frameworks, Al:Si (1:1); but feldspar: Al:Si (1:3))
• Clays: granular material (stricto sensu, phyllosilicates excluding some chlorites) of a size smaller than silt (from 0.0039 to 0.0625 mm). Gravel (from 2 mm up to 64 mm), then sand (from 0.0625 mm (or 1⁄16 mm) to 2 mm) then silt then clay (smaller than 2 μm).

• References: S. W. Bailey Summary of recommendations of AIPEA nomenclature committee on clay minerals (1980), Stephen A. Nelson Weathering & Clay Minerals, Tulane University, The Clay Mineral Group

Named solid solution series:

• Lepidolite solid solution series (polylithionite–trilithionite)
• Olivine solid solution series (fayalite–fosterite)
• Chromite solid solution series (chromite–magnesiochromite)
• Wolframite solid solution series (ferberite–hübnerite)
• Scapolite solid solution series (marialite-meionite): wernerite intermediate member
• Enstatite–ferrosilite solid solution series: enstatite less than 12%, var. bronzite c. 12 - 25% FeSiO3, var. hypersthene 25 - 50% FeSiO3, ferrosilite more than 50%
• Hydrogrossular solid solution series (grossular–hibschite)
• Phengite solid solution series (between muscovite–celadonite)
• Zinnwaldite solid solution series (siderophyllite–polylithionite)

Mineral properties

• Characteristics: melting point, "solubility" (hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, CO₂ bearing rain, water), specific gravity, cleavage, ultraviolet light (short, mid-range and long UV), radioactivity, refractive index, magnetism, mohs hardness, streak

• Specific gravity:
  • Heavy: gold (19), lead (11), nickel (8.9), iron (7.9), mafic igneous rocks (more than 3), granite – felsic igneous rock (2.65 - 2.75)
  • Quart and feldspar: quartz (2.65), anorthite – feldspar (2.72 - 2.75), albite - feldspar (2.60 - 2.65), orthoclase – feldspar (2.55 - 2.63)
  • Light: natrolite – fibrous zeolite (2.25), heulandite – tabular zeolite (2.2), water (1 at 4°C), ice (0.917)

• Refractory minerals
  • Calcium–aluminium-rich inclusions (CAIs): include anorthite, melilite group, krotite, perovskite, aluminous spinel, hibonite, calcic pyroxene group, and forsterite-rich olivine. They are thought to have formed as fine-grained condensates from a high temperature (>1300 K) gas.
  • Aluminium(III) oxide (corundum), mp 2,072°C;
  • Scandium(III) oxide (kangite), mp 2,485°C; yttrium(III) oxide (yttriaite-(Y)), mp 2,425°C;
  • Zirconium dioxide (baddeleyite), mp 2,715°C; titanium(IV) oxide (rutile, anatase and brookite), mp 1,843°C; hafnium(IV) oxide (?), mp 2,758°C;
  • Tantalum(V) oxide (tantalite), mp 1,872°C; vanadium(V) oxide (shcherbinaite), mp 690°C; niobium(V) oxide, mp 1,512°C;
  • Chromium(III) oxide (eskolaite), mp 2,435°C; tungsten(VI) oxide (tungstite WO₃·H₂O, meymacite and hydrotungstite WO₃·2H₂O), mp 1,473°C; molybdenum(VI) oxide, mp 795°C;
  • Iron(III) oxide (hematite), mp 1,566°C (decomposes); iron(II,III) oxide (magnetite), mp 1,597°C; manganese(IV) oxide (pyrolusite), mp 535°C (decomposes); cobalt(II) oxide, mp 1,933°C;

Nickel–Strunz mineral classes and subclasses

Elements, ice, water, and organic compounds

Elements (metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)

Minerals of the 'native elements' class, minerals of the zeolite subclass, minerals of the 'organic compounds' class and ice are important for teaching purposes. Some of their synthetic, anthropogenic or handcrafted counterparts are quite readily available (e.g. brass, bronze, gold leaf alloys, lead, iron–nickel alloys, copper, mercury (amalgam (chemistry), amalgams with high mercury content are liquid at STP), aluminium foils, tin soldering, hot-dip galvanization (zinc), chrome plating, faceted diamond, faceted moissanite or carborundum, graphite content in pencil cores).

Minerals: none moissanite (carbide, wurtzite structural group), txtbk schreibersite (phosphide), txtbk mercury (element), xtr rckf txtbk sulfur

• Arsenic group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk antimony, txtbk arsenic, txtbk bismuth ✓
• Copper structural group: txtbk aluminium, txtbk native copper (var. bronze, stanniferous copper), txtbk native gold (var. electrum), txtbk iridium, txtbk lead, none nickel, txtbk palladium, txtbk platinum, txtbk rhodium, txtbk native silver ✓
• Indium-tin family (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): none indium, none tin, none eta-bronze^N (Cu₆Sn₅)
• Iron–chromium family (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): none antitaenite (Fe₃Ni), none awaruite (Ni₃Fe), none chromium, txtbk native iron (telluric iron, meteoric iron, var. kamacite), txt taenite (Ni,Fe), none tetrataenite (FeNi)
• Zinc–brass family (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): none cadmium, none brass^N (Cu₃Zn), none danbaite (CuZn₂), none zhanghengite (CuZn), txtbk zinc, none zinccopperite^N (Cu₇Zn₄)
• Carbon–silicon family (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): ravg rckf txtbk diamond, txtbk graphite, txtbk lonsdaleite, txtbk silicon ✓

Note "amalgams":

• With lead: leadamalgam (Pb_0.7Hg_0.3)
• With copper: belendorffite (Cu₇Hg₆), kolymite (Cu₇Hg₆)
• With palladium: potarite (PdHg)
• With silver: eugenite (Ag₁₁Hg₂), luanheite (Ag₃Hg), moschellandsbergite (Ag₂Hg₃), paraschachnerite (Ag_1.2Hg_0.8), schachnerite (Ag_1.1Hg_0.9)
• With silver and gold: weishanite ((Au,Ag)_1.2Hg_0.8)

Ice (oxide mineral)

slbl txtbk ice

Organic compounds

formiates, acetates, oxalates

Minerals: none weddellite and none whewellite (calcium oxalates), none mellite (aluminium salt of mellitic acid)

• 
  Cut synthetic diamond
• 
  Cut moissanite
• 
  Cut spodumene
• 
  Cut andalusite
• 
  Cut ruby (a corundum var.)
• 
  Cut danburite
• 
  Cut elbaite

Sulfides, sulfosalts, oxides, hydroxides and sulfites

Sulfides and sulfosalts (sulfides, selenides, tellurides, arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; etc.)

Sulfides, selenides, tellurides, arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; 02.A-F: txtbk acanthite, txtbk bornite, txtbk calaverite, txtbk chalcocite (chalcocite–yarrowite), txtbk chalcopyrite (chalcopyrite–eskebornite, chalcopyrite structural group), rare txtbk cinnabar, xtr txtbk cobaltite (cobaltite–gersdorffite, cobaltite group), rckf txtbk covellite, rckf cubanite (cubanite structural group), txtbk digenite (anilite, digenite grouping), txtbk djurleite, txtbk kostovite, txtbk krennerite, txtbk marcasite (marcasite–lollingite group), unavg txtbk millerite, txtbk molybdenite (molybdenite group), txtbk montbrayite, txtbk muthmannite, txtbk orpiment (laphamite, orpiment grouping), txtbk patrónite, txtbk pentlandite (cobaltpentlandite–pentlandite, pentlandite structural group), txtbk petzite, txtbk pyrrhotite, rare txtbk realgar, txtbk sylvanite, txtbk troilite, txtbk uytenbogaardtite

• Arsenopyrite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk arsenopyrite, txtbk glaucodot ✓
• Rocksalt structural group

• Galena group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk alabandite, txtbk altaite, txtbk galena ✓

• Series: clausthalite–galena

• Spinel structural group

• Thiospinel or linnaeite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk linnaeite

• Series: cuproiridsite–cuprorhodsite, cuproiridsite–malanite, cuprorhodsite–malanite, greigite–violarite, linnaeite–polydymite, polydymite–violarite, siegenite–violarite

• Nickeline group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk breithauptite, txtbk nickeline ✓
• Pyrite group (Rruff, 2013): txtbk pyrite, unavg txtbk sperrylite ✓

• Series: cattierite–pyrite, cattierite–vaesite, erlichmanite–laurite, krut'aite–trogtalite

• Skutterudite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk nickelskutterudite, txtbk skutterudite ✓

• Series: nickelskutterudite–skutterudite

• Sphalerite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk metacinnabar, ravg rckf txtbk sphalerite ✓
• Stibnite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk bismuthinite, txtbk stibnite ✓

• Series: aikinite–bismuthinite

• Wurtzite structural group

• Wurtzite group (Fleischer, 2008): unavg txtbk greenockite, unavg rckf txtbk wurtzite ✓

Sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, sulfarsenates, sulfantimonates, oxysulfosalts, etc.; 02.G-M: txtbk enargite, txtbk nagyágite

• Proustite–pyrargyrite solid solution series: rare txtbk proustite, xtr txtbk pyrargyrite ✓
• Stannite group (Rruff, 2013): txtbk famatinite, txtbk luzonite, txtbk stannite ✓

• Series: famatinite–luzonite, hocartite–pirquitasite, kësterite–stannite

• Tennantite group (Rruff, 2013): none argentotennantite, none argentotetrahedrite^Q, txtbk freibergite, txtbk tennantite, txtbk tetrahedrite ✓

• Series: freibergite–tetrahedrite, tennantite–tetrahedrite, argentotennantite–freibergite

Oxide mineral class (hydroxides, V^[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)

Oxides, stricto sensu (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed, 04.A-E)

Minerals: xtr rckf txtbk anatase, xtr rckf txtbk brookite, rare rckf txtbk cuprite, rckf txtbk hausmannite (hausmannite group), txtbk litharge, txtbk minium (mineral), rare simpsonite, txtbk ramsdellite (ramsdellite structural group), txtbk tenorite, rare txtbk zincite (wurtzite structural group), txtbk yttrotantalite-(Y)

• Columbite-euxenite group (Fleischer, 2008): columbite (rckf txtbk columbite-(Fe), txtbk columbite-(Mg), txtbk columbite-(Mn)), none rdact euxenite-(Y), tantalite (txtbk tantalite-(Fe), txtbk tantalite-(Mg), xtr txtbk tantalite-(Mn)) ✓
• Corundum structural group: ✓

• Hematite group (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk corundum (var. ruby, var. saphire), rckf txtbk hematite ✓

• Series: eskolaite–karelianite

• Ilmenite group (Fleischer, 2008): rckf txtbk geikielite, rckf txtbk ilmenite, txtbk pyrophanite ✓

• Series: ilmenite–pyrophanite, geikielite–ilmenite

• Hollandite supergroup (IMA 11-F, Biagioni et al. (2013), mindat.org)

• Coronadite group: txtbk cryptomelane, txtbk hollandite, txtbk manjiroite, txtbk romanèchite, txtbk todorokite
• Priderite group: none priderite

• Periclase group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk lime, slbl xtr txtbk periclase, txtbk wüstite ✓
• Perovskite group (Fleischer, 2008): xtr rckf txtbk perovskite, txtbk loparite-(Ce) ✓
• Plumboferrite group (Rruff, 2013): txtbk hibonite, none hibonite-Fe, none plumboferrite ✓
• Pseudobrookite group (Rruff, 2013): txtbk armalcolite, rckf txtbk pseudobrookite ✓

• Series: armalcolite–pseudobrookite

• Rutile group (Rruff, 2013), excluding 'sellaite': rare rckf txtbk cassiterite, txtbk pyrolusite, ravg rckf txtbk rutile ✓
• Spinel structural group

• Spinel group (Rruff, 2013), oxide minerals only: unavg rckf txtbk chromite, rckf txtbk franklinite, xtr rckf txtbk gahnite, rckf txtbk galaxite, rckf txtbk hercynite, rckf txtbk jacobsite, rckf txtbk magnesiochromite, rckf txtbk magnesioferrite, rckf maghemite, rckf txtbk magnetite, ravg rckf txtbk spinel, rckf txtbk trevorite, rckf txtbk ulvöspinel ✓

• Series: jacobsite–magnetite, chromite–hercynite, chromite–magnesiochromite, chromite–magnetite, gahnite–hercynite, gahnite–spinel, hercynite–spinel, magnesiochromite–spinel, magnesioferrite–magnetite, manganochromite–vuorelainenite

• Uraninite group (Fleischer, 2008): rdact txtbk cerianite-(Ce), rdact txtbk thorianite, rdact txtbk uraninite ✓

• Series: thorianite–uraninite

• Wolframite group (Rruff, 2013): rckf txtbk ferberite, xtr rckf hübnerite, unavg sanmartinite ✓

• Series: ferberite–hübnerite

Hydroxides (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed, 04.F-G): txtbk birnessite, txtbk gibbsite, unavg txtbk lepidocrocite, rckf txtbk manganite, none spertiniite

• Brucite group (Rruff, 2013): xtr rckf txtbk baddeleyite, xtr rckf txtbk brucite, slbl txtbk portlandite, unavg txtbk pyrochroite ✓
• Diaspore group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk böhmite, xtr rckf txtbk diaspore, unavg txtbk goethite ✓
• Taaffeite group (Rruff, 2013): magnesiotaaffeite (rare magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S, rare magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S), ferrotaaffeite (none ferrotaaffeite-2N’2S, none ferrotaaffeite-6N’3S) ✓
• Uranyl hydroxides (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): rdact unavg agrinierite

V^[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed, 04.H-K):

Carbonates, nitrates, halides and borates

Carbonates (nitrates)

Minerals: txtbk aurichalcite, rare rckf txtbk azurite, unavg hydrocerussite, txtbk hydrozincite, rckf txtbk malachite, slbl txtbk natron, xtr txtbk phosgenite

• Bastnäsite grouping 05.BD.20a (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): bastnäsite (xtr txtbk bastnäsite-(Ce), txtbk bastnäsite-(La), none bastnäsite-(Nd), txtbk bastnäsite-(Y)), hydroxylbastnäsite (none hydroxylbastnäsite-(Ce), none hydroxylbastnäsite-(La)^N, none hydroxylbastnäsite-(Nd)) ✓

• Series: bastnäsite-(Ce)–hydroxylbastnäsite-(Ce)

• Carbonates without additional anions, without H₂O (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed)

Minerals: rckf huntite, slbl xtr txtbk nahcolite, txtbk nyerereite

• Calcite group (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk calcite (ikaite is unstable above 8°C), ravg rckf txtbk rhodochrosite, ravg rckf txtbk magnesite, rckf txtbk siderite, ravg rckf txtbk smithsonite ✓

• Series: calcite–rhodochrosite, gaspéite–magnesite, magnesite–siderite, rhodochrosite-siderite, siderite–smithsonite

• Dolomite group (Fleischer, 2008): rckf txtbk dolomite, rckf txtbk ankerite, rckf txtbk kutnohorite ✓

• Series: ankerite–dolomite, ankerite–kutnohorite

• Aragonite group (Fleischer, 2008): rare rckf txtbk aragonite, rare rckf txtbk cerussite, unavg rckf txtbk strontianite, rckf txtbk witherite ✓

• Carbonates without additional anions, with H₂O (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed)

Minerals: slbl xtr txtbk gaylussite, unavg shomiokite-(Y), slbl txtbk thermonatrite, slbl txtbk trona, unavg weloganite

Nitrates: slbl txtbk niter, slbl txtbk nitratine

Halides

Minerals: unavg txtbk atacamite, slbl txtbk bischofite, slbl txtbk carnallite, unavg colquiriite, xtr txtbk cryolite, ravg rckf txtbk fluorite, txtbk iodargyrite, slbl txtbk salammoniac, slbl rare sellaite

• Rocksalt structural group

• Halide group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk bromargyrite, txtbk chlorargyrite, slbl ravg txtbk halite (hydrohalite is unstable at STP), slbl txtbk sylvite ✓

Borates

Minerals: slbl xtr txtbk boracite (boracite–ericaite), slbl txtbk borax, xtr txtbk colemanite, ravg hambergite, txtbk hydroboracite, xtr txtbk inyoite, unavg kaliborite, slbl xtr txtbk kernite, txtbk kotoite, txtbk ludwigite (ludwigite–vonsenite), txtbk tincalconite, slbl xtr txtbk ulexite

Tetrahedral units, stricto sensu

Sulfates (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, tungstates)

Minerals: xtr rckf txtbk anhydrite, txtbk antlerite, rckf bassanite (rhabdophane structural group), txtbk brochantite, slbl txtbk chalcanthite, unavg chalcoalumite (chalcoalumite group), xtr rckf txtbk gypsum (gypsum structural group), slbl xtr txtbk hanksite, slbl xtr txtbk kainite, txtbk mangazeite, slbl txtbk mirabilite, slbl txtbk polyhalite, slbl xtr txtbk thénardite

• Alum group (Fleischer, 2008): slbl none alum-(K), slbl none alum-(Na)
• Celestine group (Fleischer, 2008): rare rckf txtbk anglesite, rare rckf txtbk baryte, xtr rckf txtbk celestine ✓

• Series: baryte–celestine

• Epsomite group (Rruff, 2013): slbl txtbk epsomite, slbl xtr goslarite, slbl xtr none morenosite ✓

• Series: epsomite–goslarite, epsomite–morenosite

• Ettringite group: xtr txtbk ettringite, unavg sturmanite ✓
• Kieserite group (Fleischer, 2008): slbl txtbk kieserite, slbl none szmikite, slbl none szomolnokite ✓
• Langbeinite group (Rruff, 2013): none calciolangbeinite, slbl txtbk langbeinite, none manganolangbeinite ✓
• Melanterite group (Rruff, 2013): slbl none mallardite, slbl txtbk melanterite ✓

Chromates, molybdates, tungstates and niobates

Chromates: xtr txtbk crocoite (monazite structural group) ✓

Molybdates and tungstates: ferrimolybdite

• Scheelite group (Fleischer, 2008): rare txtbk wulfenite, xtr txtbk powellite, xtr txtbk scheelite, xtr txtbk stolzite ✓

• Series: powellite–scheelite, stolzite–wulfenite

Niobates: txtbk fergusonite-(Ce), xtr txtbk fergusonite-(Y), none beta-fergusonite-(Ce), none beta-fergusonite-(Nd), none beta-fergusonite-(Y)

Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates

Minerals: unavg allactite (allactite structural group), unavg bayldonite, unavg beryllonite (beryllonite structural group), rare rckf brazilianite, rare unavg leiteite, ravg phosphophyllite, unavg triplite, txtbk wavellite (wavellite, allanpringite grouping)

• Autunite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk rdact autunite, txtbk rdact torbernite (often dehydrated to rdact metatorbernite), none rdact zeunerite (often dehydrated to rdact metazeunerite) ✓

• Series: torbernite–zeunerite, metatorbernite–metazeunerite

• Lazulite group (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): rckf txtbk lazulite, txtbk scorzalite ✓

• Series: lazulite–scorzalite

• Scorodite group (Fleischer, 2008): unavg mansfieldite, xtr scorodite, xtr txtbk variscite ✓

• Series: scorodite–strengite, scorodite–yanomamite, mansfieldite–scorodite, strengite–variscite

• Turquoise group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk chalcosiderite, txtbk turquoise ✓

• Series: planerite–turquoise, chalcosiderite–turquoise

• Vivianite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk annabergite, txtbk erythrite, rare txtbk vivianite ✓

• Series: annabergite–erythrite, erythrite–hörnesite

• Xenotime group (Fleischer, 2008): xtr txtbk xenotime-(Y), xtr txtbk xenotime-(Yb) ✓

• Series: chernovite-(Y)–xenotime-(Y)

Arsenates and vanadates

• Arsenates: txtbk annabergite (vivianite group), txtbk bulachite, txtbk erythrite (vivianite group), xtr rckf txtbk mimetite ✓
• Vanadates: rdact txtbk carnotite (carnotite group), rdact txtbk tyuyamunite, xtr rckf txtbk vanadinite ✓

• Series: mimetite–pyromorphite, mimetite–vanadinite

Nesosilicates

Minerals: rckf txtbk chloritoid (ottrelite group), rare txtbk euclase, unavg eulytine, rare rckf txtbk kyanite, slbl rckf txtbk larnite, rckf merwinite, unavg txtbk mullite, txtbk ringwoodite (spinel structural group), rare rckf txtbk sillimanite, unavg spurrite (spurrite-afwillite structural group), ravg rckf txtbk topaz

• Braunite group (Rruff, 2013): rckf braunite, txtbk tranquillityite ✓
• Dumortierite group (Rruff, 2013): xtr txtbk dumortierite, none magnesiodumortierite ✓
• Gadolinite-datolite group (Fleischer, 2008): xtr txtbk datolite, xtr txtbk gadolinite-(Ce), xtr txtbk gadolinite-(Y) ✓
• Humite group (Rruff, 2013): xtr rckf txtbk chondrodite, xtr txtbk clinohumite, rckf txtbk humite, rckf txtbk norbergite ✓
• Phenakite group (Rruff, 2013): rckf txtbk eucryptite, ravg rckf txtbk phenakite, unavg txtbk willemite ✓
• Staurolite group (Fleischer, 2008): none magnesiostaurolite, xtr rckf txtbk staurolite, none zincostaurolite ✓
• Zircon group (Fleischer, 2008): none hafnon, ravg rckf txtbk zircon (var. colorless matura diamond, var. pale yellow – pale grey jargoon, var. yellow-red – red-brown hyacinth), rdact txtbk thorite ✓

• Series: hafnon–zircon

Alunite supergroup

Alunite group, beudantite group, crandallite group

Sulfates and phosphates

• Minerals: txtbk alunite, txtbk natroalunite, txtbk jarosite, unavg svanbergite
• Series: arsenogorceixite–arsenogoyazite, beudantite–segnitite, crandallite–goyazite, gorceixite–goyazite, corkite–hinsdalite, corkite–kintoreite, hinsdalite–plumbogummite, jarosite–natrojarosite, kintoreite–segnitite, svanbergite–woodhouseite
• Florencite subgroup (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: arsenoflorencite-(Ce), florencite-(Ce), florencite-(La), florencite-(Nd), waylandite ✓

Andalusite structural group

Sulfates and phosphates, olivenite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: none adamite, none olivenite
• Series: adamite–olivenite

Nesosilicates, andalusite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk andalusite, rckf kanonaite ✓
• Series: andalusite–kanonaite

Apatite supergroup

Ellestadite group, hedyphane group, belovite group, apatite group and britholite group

Sulfates and phosphates, apatite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: rckf txtbk chlorapatite, ravg rckf txtbk fluorapatite, txtbk hydroxylapatite, xtr rckf txtbk mimetite, xtr rckf txtbk pyromorphite, xtr rckf txtbk vanadinite ✓
• Series: mimetite–pyromorphite, mimetite–vanadinite

Nesosilicates, tritomite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: none fluorellestadite, none hydroxylellestadite, none tritomite-(Ce), none tritomite-(Y)
• Series: fluorellestadite–hydroxylellestadite

Garnet supergroup

Berzeliite group, schorlomite group, bitikleite group and henritermierite group

Sulfates and phosphates, berzeliite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: none berzeliite, none manganberzeliite, none palenzonaite, none schäferite ✓
• Series: berzeliite–manganberzeliite

Nesosilicates, garnet group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk almandine, ravg rckf txtbk andradite, rckf calderite, unavg rckf goldmanite, rare rckf txtbk grossular, unavg henritermierite, rckf hibshite, none katoite, unavg kimzeyite, unavg knorringite, txtbk majorite, ravg rckf txtbk pyrope (red carbuncle), unavg schorlomite, ravg rckf txtbk spessartine, xtr rckf txtbk uvarovite ✓
• Series: almandine–pyrope, almandine–spessartine, andradite–grossular, andradite–schorlomite, andradite–uvarovite, grossular–hibshite, grossular–pyrope, grossular–uvarovite, hibshite–katoite, knorringite–pyrope, majorite–pyrope, pyrope–spessartine

Monazite structural group

Sulfates and phosphates

• Minerals: xtr txtbk crocoite, rdact rckf huttonite, monazite (rdact unavg rckf txtbk monazite-(Ce), rdact txtbk monazite-(La), rdact txtbk monazite-(Nd), rdact txtbk monazite-(Sm)) ✓

Olivine structural group

Sulfates and phosphates, triphylite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: txtbk lithiophilite, xtr txtbk triphylite ✓
• Series: lithiophilite–triphylite, triphylite–zwieselite

Nesosilicates, olivine structural group

• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk chrysoberyl, rare txtbk sinhalite ✓

Olivine group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: rckf txtbk fayalite, ravg rckf txtbk forsterite (var. peridot), rckf kirschsteinite, rckf txtbk monticellite, rckf txtbk tephroite ✓
• Series: fayalite–forsterite, fayalite–tephroite, forsterite–tephroite, kirschsteinite–monticellite

Titanite structural group

Sulfates and phosphates, amblygonite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk amblygonite, xtr rckf txtbk montebrasite ✓
• Series: amblygonite–montebrasite

Sulfates and phosphates, durangite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: maxwellite–tilasite, durangite–tilasite, durangite–maxwellite

Nesosilicates, titanite group (Fleischer, 2008)

• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk titanite, rckf malayaite ✓

Tsumcorite group (Fleischer, 2008)

Sulfates and phosphates

Minerals: none cobalttsumcorite, unavg natrochalcite, none tsumcorite ✓

• Just lotharmeyerite, gartrellite and schneebergite: cobaltlotharmeyerite, ferrilotharmeyerite, gartrellite, lotharmeyerite, manganlotharmeyerite, nickellotharmeyerite, nickelschneebergite, phosphogartrellite, schneebergite, zincgartrellite

Polymeric silicates: sorosilicates and cyclosilicates

Sorosilicates

Minerals: xtr rckf bertrandite, txtb fersmanite, xtr rckf txtbk hemimorphite, unavg txtbk ilvaite, rare kornerupine (kornerupine–prismatine), txtbk lamprophyllite, unavg txtbk lawsonite, rckf rosenbuschite, rare txtbk vesuvianite, txtbk wadsleyite

• Axinite group (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk axinite-(Fe), ravg axinite-(Mg), ravg rckf txtbk axinite-(Mn) ✓

• Series: axinite-(Fe)–axinite-(Mn), axinite-(Mn)–tinzenite

• Epidote group (Fleischer, 2008): allanite (rdact unavg txtbk allanite-(Ce), rdact txtbk rdact allanite-(La), rdact txtbk allanite-(Y)), xtr txtbk clinozoisite, txtbk clinozoisite-(Sr), rare rckf txtbk epidote, rckf txtbk piemontite, none piemontite-Sr, ravg rckf txtbk zoisite (tanzanite) ✓

• Series: clinozoisite–epidote

• Melilite group (Fleischer, 2008): rckf åkermanite, rckf gehlenite ✓

• Series: åkermanite–gehlenite

• Pumpellyite group (Rruff, 2013): julgoldite (none julgoldite-(Fe2+), rckf julgoldite-(Fe3+), julgoldite-(Mg)), pumpellyite (none pumpellyite-(Al), none pumpellyite-(Fe2+), rckf pumpellyite-(Fe3+), xtr rckf pumpellyite-(Mg), none pumpellyite-(Mn2+), var. chlorastrolite) ✓

• Series: julgoldite-(Fe2+)–pumpellyite-(Fe2+), julgoldite-(Fe2+)–pumpellyite-(Mg), pumpellyite-(Fe2+)–pumpellyite-(Mg)

Cyclosilicates

Minerals: rare rckf txtbk cordierite (cordierite–sekaninaite), unavg benitoite, xtr rckf catapleiite (calciocatapleiite–catapleiite), xtr txtb dioptase, xtr rckf eudialyte, unavg papagoite, txtbk pseudowollastonite

• Beryl group (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk beryl (var. aquamarine, var. emerald, var. heliodor, var. morganite), rckf txtbk indialite ✓
• Milarite group (Fleischer, 2008): xtr rckf milarite, rckf osumilite, none osumilite-(Mg) ✓
• Tourmaline group (Rruff, 2013): rare chromium-dravite, xtr rckf txtbk dravite, ravg rckf txtbk elbaite, rckf feruvite, unavg rckf fluor-buergerite, ravg txtbk fluor-liddicoatite, xtr rckf fluor-uvite, ravg rckf olenite, ravg rckf txtbk schorl ✓

• Series: dravite–elbaite, dravite–schorl, dravite–uvite, elbaite–liddicoatite, elbaite–schorl

Polymeric silicates: inosilicates and phyllosilicates

Inosilicates, single chains

Minerals: rckf carpholite (carpholite–ferrocarpholite), unavg chkalovite, rckf epididymite, txtbk howieite, txtbk plancheite, xtr rckf txtbk prehnite, pyroxferroite–pyroxmangite (txtbk pyroxferroite, xtr txtbk pyroxmangite), xtr rckf txtbk rhodonite, txtbk shattuckite, unavg stokesite

• Astrophyllite group (Rruff, 2013): rckf txtbk astrophyllite, none kupletskite, none kupletskite-Cs ✓

• Series: astrophyllite–kupletskite, kupletskite–kupletskite-(Cs)

• Sapphirine group (Rruff, 2013): rckf txtbk aenigmatite, rare rckf sapphirine, unavg serendibite ✓
• Wollastonite group (Fleischer, 2008): xtr rckf txtbk bustamite, txtbk pectolite, xtr rckf serandite ✓

• Series: pectolite–sérandite

• Pyroxene group (Rruff, 2013): unavg rckf txtbk aegirine, unavg rckf txtbk augite, rckf txtbk clinoenstatite, rckf txtbk clinoferrosilite, ravg rckf txtbk diopside, ravg rckf txtbk enstatite, rckf txtbk esseneite, unavg rckf txtbk ferrosilite, rckf txtbk hedenbergite, ravg rckf txtbk jadeite, rckf jervisite, rckf txtbk johannsenite, rckf kanoite, rckf kosmochlor, rckf txtbk omphacite, rckf petedunnite, txtbk pigeonite, ravg rckf txtbk spodumene (Cr bearing hiddenite and Mn bearing kunzite) ✓

• Series: unavg txtbk aegirine–augite, enstatite–ferrosilite, hedenbergite–johannsenite

• 
  The nomenclature of the calcium, magnesium, iron pyroxenes.
• 
  The nomenclature of the sodium pyroxenes.

Inosilicates, multiple chains

Double chain silicates

• txtbk chesterite
• Amphibole supergroup (Rruff, 2013)
• w(O)-dominant amphibole group: kaersutite group
• w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole group:
• Minerals: ravg rckf txtbk actinolite, unavg rckf txtbk anthophyllite, rckf txtbk arfvedsonite, rckf barroisite, unavg rckf txtbk cummingtonite, rckf eckermannite, unavg rckf txtbk edenite, txtbk ferro-actinolite, rckf ferroglaucophane, xtr rckf txtbk ferrohornblende, unavg rckf txtbk gedrite, rckf txtbk glaucophane, rckf txtbk grunerite, unavg rckf txtbk hastingsite, rckf txtbk holmquistite, unavg rckf txtbk kaersutite, rckf katophorite, unavg kornite, rckf kozulite, xtr rckf txtbk magnesiohornblende, rckf magnesioriebeckite, unavg rckf txtbk pargasite, rckf parvowinchite, unvag rckf richterite, ravg riebeckite, rckf taramite, xtr rckf txtbk tremolite, unavg rckf txtbk tschermakite, rckf winchite ✓

• Series: actinolite–ferro-actinolite, actinolite–tremolite, anthophyllite–ferroanthophyllite, anthophyllite–gedrite, barroisite–ferrobarroisite, edenite–pargasite, edenite–parvo-mangano-edenite, ferrikatophorite–katophorite, ferro-actinolite–tremolite, ferropargasite–pargasite, ferrotschermakite–tschermakite, hastingsite–magnesiohastingsite, magnesiohastingsite–pargasite, sodic-ferro-anthophyllite–sodicanthophyllite, sodic-ferrogedrite–sodicgedrite

Triple chain silicate: txtbk jimthompsonite

Inosilicates, note: the cleavages of 'jimthompsonite' are at 142 degrees and 38 degrees, and 135 degrees and 45 for 'chesterite'; compared to the cleavage angles of pyroxene at about 94 degrees and 86 degrees and amphibole about 124 and 56 degrees.

Phyllosilicates

Minerals: unavg ajoite, txtbk chrysocolla (allophane, chalcedony and spertiniite?), none imogolite, txtbk neptunite (manganoneptunite–neptunite), txtbk palygorskite, txtbk sepiolite

• Apophyllite group: xtr txtbk rckf apophyllite-(KF), rckf apophyllite-(KOH), none apophyllite-(NaF) ✓

• Series: apophyllite-(KF)–apophyllite-(KOH)

• Micas (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk aluminoceladonite, rckf txtbk annite, rckf txtbk clintonite, rxkf txtbk margarite, rckf txtbk muscovite, rckf txtbk paragonite, rckf txtbk phlogopite, rckf txtbk polylithionite, txtbk roscoelite, txtbk siderophyllite, txtbk trilithionite ✓

• Series: muscovite–paragonite, polylithionite–trilithionite

• Chlorite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk chamosite, txtbk rckf clinochlore, rckf cookeite, txtbk pennantite, txtbk sudoite ✓

• Series: clinochlore–chamosite

• Smectite group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk beidellite, txtbk hectorite^Q, txtbk montmorillonite, txtbk nontronite, txtbk saponite, txtbk stilpnomelane, txtbk vermiculite ✓

• Series: beidellite–montmorillonite, beidellite–saponite

• Kaolinite–serpentine group (Fleischer, 2008): none allophane, rckf amesite, txtbk antigorite, txtbk chrysotile, txtbk dickite, txtbk greenalite, txtbk halloysite-7Å, none halloysite-10Å, txtbk kaolinite, rckf txtbk lizardite, txtbk nacrite ✓

• Series: lizardite–népouite

• Talc group (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk unavg pyrophyllite, unavg rckf txtbk talc, txtbk minnesotaite ✓

Polymeric silicates: tectosilicates

Minerals belonging to tectosilicates without zeolitic H₂O

Minerals: ravg txtbk danburite, ravg rckf txtbk petalite

• Silica family (Nickel–Strunz 10 ed): rckf txtbk coesite, rckf txtbk cristobalite, none moganite, txtbk opal (cristobalite and/or tridymite and/or amorphous silica), ravg rckf txtbk quartz, rckf txtbk stishovite, rckf txtbk tridymite
• Feldspars (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk albite, unavg rckf txtbk anorthite, rckf buddingtonite, rckf txtbk celsian, unavg rckf txtbk microcline, ravg rckf txtbk orthoclase, rckf txtbk paracelsian, rckf reedmergnerite, rckf txtbk sanidine ✓

• Series: albite–anorthite, albite–orthoclase, celsian–hyalophane, celsian–orthoclase, hyalophane–orthoclase

• Scapolite group (Fleischer, 2008): ravg rckf txtbk marialite, ravg rckf txtbk meionite ✓

Feldspathoids (informal group), zeomic frameworks, tectosilicates

• Cancrinite-sodalite structural group

• Minerals: none afghanite (AFG), ravg rckf txtbk lazurite, rckf nosean (SOD), ravg rckf txtbk sodalite (SOD), rckf vishnevite (CAN) ✓

• Nepheline group (Fleischer, 2008): rckf kaliophilite, rckf txtbk kalsilite, rckf txtbk nepheline (JBW)

Zeolites (Fleischer, 2008), zeomic frameworks, tectosilicates

Minerals: none cowlesite, rckf edingtonite (EDI), unavg rckf epistilbite (EPI), rckf txtbk gismondine (GIS), rckf txtbk laumontite (LAU), rckf txtbk mordenite (MOR), rckf offretite (OFF), txtbk wenkite (WEN) ✓

• Analcime framework (ANA): xtr rckf txtbk analcime, xtr rckf txtbk leucite, rare txtbk pollucite

• Series: analcime–pollucite, analcime–wairakite

• Brewsterite framework (BRE): rckf brewsterite-Ba, none brewsterite-Sr
• Dachiardite framework (DAC): rckf dachiardite-Ca, rckf dachiardite-Na
• Chabazite framework (CHA): SSZ-13

• Chabazite series (Fleischer, 2008): xtr rckf txtbk chabazite-Ca, xtr rckf txtbk chabazite-K, xtr rckf txtbk chabazite-Na, txtbk chabazite-Sr ✓

• Erionite framework (ERI)

• Erionite series (Fleischer, 2008): rckf txtbk erionite-Ca, rckf txtbk erionite-K, rckf txtbk erionite-Na ✓

• Faujasite framework (FAU): X and Y zeolites

• Faujasite series (Fleischer, 2008): none faujasite-Ca, none faujasite-Mg, none faujasite-Na ✓

• Ferrierite framewrok (FER)

• Ferrierite series (Fleischer, 2008): rckf ferrierite-K, rckf ferrierite-Mg, rckf ferrierite-Na ✓

• Gmelinite framework (GME)

• Gmelinite series (Fleischer, 2008): xtr rckf txtbk gmelinite-Ca, xtr rckf txtbk gmelinite-K, xtr rckf txtbk gmelinite-Na ✓

• Heulandite framework (HEU)

• Series: clinoptilolite-Ca–heulandite-Ca, clinoptilolite-K–heulandite-K, clinoptilolite-Na–heulandite-Na
• Clinoptilolite series (Fleischer, 2008): rckf txtbk clinoptilolite-Ca, rckf txtbk clinoptilolite-K, rckf txtbk clinoptilolite-Na ✓

• Heulandite framework (HEU) and the ratio Si : Al ≥ 4.0.

• Heulandite series (Fleischer, 2008): txtbk heulandite-Ba, txt rckf txtbk heulandite-Ca, rckf txtbk heulandite-K, rckf txtbk heulandite-Na, txtbk heulandite-Sr ✓

• Heulandite framework (HEU) and the ratio Si : Al < 4.0

• Levyne framework (LEV): rckf lévyne-Ca, rckf lévyne-Na
• Mazzite framework (MAZ): none mazzite-Mg, txtbk mazzite-Na
• Natrolite framework (NAT, feldspathoids): rckf gonnardite, xtr rckf txtbk natrolite, rckf mesolite, xtr rckf txtbk scolecite
• Phillipsite framework (PHI): rckf txtbk harmotome

• Phillipsite series (Fleischer, 2008): rckf txtbk phillipsite-Ca, rckf txtbk phillipsite-K, rckf txtbk phillipsite-Na ✓
• Series: phillipsite-Ca–phillipsite-K, phillipsite-Ca–phillipsite-Na, phillipsite-K–phillipsite-Na, harmotome–phillipsite-Ca

• Stilbite framework (STI): rckf txtbk stilbite-Ca, rckf txtbk stilbite-Na
• Thomsonite framework (THO): xtr rckf txtbk thomsonite-Ca, none thomsonite-Sr

Zeolite formation

Zeolites transform to other minerals under weathering, hydrothermal alteration or metamorphic conditions. Some examples:

• The sequence of silica-rich volcanic rocks commonly progresses from:
  • Clay → quartz → mordenite–heulandite → epistilbite → stilbite → thomsonite–mesolite-scolecite → chabazite → calcite.
• The sequence of silica-poor volcanic rocks commonly progresses from:
  • Cowlesite → levyne–offretite → analcime → thomsonite–mesolite-scolecite → chabazite → calcite.
• Volcanic ash, an open system, an example:
  • Unaltered glas → heulandite → analcime → K-feldspar–quartz → water table
• Volcanic ash, saline lake zoning, an closed system, an example:
  • Unaltered glas than fresh water (unaltered glas and clays) → saline water (phillipsite and heulandite) → more saline water (analcime) → highly saline water (K-feldspar)
• Deep sea zeolites an example:
  • Sea water than silica-rich fossil radiolarians and phillipsite → heulandite
• Cooling of a volcanic flow, alteration of volcanic glas in cavities or veins, an example:
  • Clay → phillipsite → chabazite or clay → levyne–offretite → thomsonite–mesolite-scolecite → chabazite or clay → mordenite–heulandite → stilbite → mesolite-scolecite → chabazite
• Hydrothermal zeolite zoning, western Iceland:
  • Chabazite zone at 55-70°C (levyne, phillipsite) → mesolite-scolecite zone at 60-90°C (thomsonite, gismondine) → stilbite–heulandite zone at 90-110°C (epistilbite, mordenite) → laumontite zone at 110-230°C (mordenite, analcime) → analcime–wairakite zone at 170-300°C → prehnite zone → epidote zone at over 230°C (chlorites) → actinolite zone (chlorites)
  • Calcite and montmorillonite are found throughout.
• Contact hydrothermal metamorphism zoning
  • Stilbite–heulandite–mordenite zone (under 150°C) → laumontite–quartz zone (150-180°C) → wairakite–yugawaralite–prehnite zone (180-280°C) → epidote–actinolite zone (280-390°C) → hornblende–biotite zone (390-600°C) → granitic magma
• Burial metamorphism zoning, New Zealand
  • Two km thick unaltered glas → zeolite facies [heulandite (mordenite, quartz) → analcime–heulandite → wairakite → laumontite–albite–pumpellyite] → greenschist facies (albite–prehnite–pumpellyite–epidote) → epidote–amphibolite facies → amphibolite facies → granulite facies
• Contact metamorphism zoning, Cretaceous trachytes, Bulgaria
  • Mordenite–quartz → chabazite–stilbite–heulandite–gmelinite → mesolite–scolecite–natrolite–thomsonite–laumontite–analcime → albite–epidote–prehnite–pumpellyite → granitic intrusion
• Contact metamorphism, Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria
  • Quartz–chalcedony–mordenite–ferrierite → stilbite–heulandite–chabazite–harmotome–laumontite → natrolite–analcime → albite–epidote → granitic intrusion
• Pegmatites
  • Middle to late pegmatite crystallization (400 to 300°C): pollucite
  • Cooler hydrothermal phase (250 to 150°C): cesian-analcime
  • Upon further cooling: lepidolite and muscovite (micas)
• Notes: laumontite associated with prehnite, pumpellyite and epidote; has a high temperature origin. Its synthesis requires 250°C and more than 1000 bars in the laboratoy, but it crystallizes at 89-43°C and pH 7.74 at Sespe Hot Springs CA. Yugawaralite is pressure-sensitive: less than 500 m in geothermal systems (less than 234°C and 550 bars). Platy zeolites (e.g. stilbite, heulandite) have a high water content, fibrous zeolites grow even under water limiting conditions.
• Supergene (geology), hypogene (geology)

• 
  Metamorphic Facies
• 
  Mineral content of igneous rocks

End notes

Class silicates, subclass germanates

carboirite–chloritoid solid solution series (ottrelite group, nesosilicates)

Other mindat.org solid solution series

Native elements: gold–palladium, gold–silver, palladium–silver, antimony–arsenic, braggite–vysotskite, ferronickelplatinum–tulameenite, taimyrite-I–tatyanaite

Others, sulfides: arsenosulvanite–sulvanite

Others, halides, oxides:

Others, carbonates, borates:

Others, sulfates: arcanite–mascagnite, atlasovite–nabokoite, boussingaultite–mohrite, carlosruizite–fuenzalidaite, halotrichite–pickeringite, hemihedrite–iranite, jarosite–natrojarosite

Others, phosphates: adamite-olivenite, arrojadite-(KFe)–dickinsonite-(KMnNa), arsenogorceixite–arsenogoyazite

• Adelite-decloizite group: adelite–gottlobite, austinite–conichalcite, cobaltaustinite–conichalcite, conichalcite–duftite, conichalcite–tangeite, descloizite–mottramite, duftite–mottramite

Others, silicates:

Hydrotalcite supergroup

Hydrocalumite group: none hydrocalumite, none kuzelite (Ca₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(SO₄)·6H₂O)

Hydrotalcite group: none desautelsite (Mg₆Mn₂CO₃(OH)₁₆·4H₂O), none hydrotalcite (Mg₆Al₂CO₃(OH)₁₆·4H₂O), none stichtite (Mg₆Cr₂CO₃(OH)₁₆·4H₂O) ...

Cualstibite group: none cualstibite (Cu₂AlSb(OH)₁₂), none omsite ((Ni,Cu)₂Fe(OH)₆[Sb(OH)₆]), none zincalstibite (Zn₂AlSb(OH)₁₂)

Fougèrite group: none fougèrite (Fe²⁺
₆Fe³⁺
₂(OH)
₁₈·4H
₂O), none mössbauerite, none trébeurdenite (IMA 2012-B)

Glaucocerinite group: none glaucocerinite, none zincaluminite ((Zn,Al)₉(SO₄)₂(OH)₁₈·nH₂O), ...

Quintinite group: none quintinite (Mg₄A_l2(OH)₁₂CO₃·3H₂O), none zaccagnaite (Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃)·3H₂O), ...

Wermlandite group: none wermlandite (Mg₈Al₂(OH)₁₈(SO₄)₂·12H₂O), none shigaite (NaAl₃Mn₆(SO₄)₂(OH)₁₈·12H₂O), none motukoreaite ...

Woodwardite group: none zincowoodwardite, none woodwardite ((Cu,Al)₉(SO₄)₂(OH)₁₈·nH₂O), none honessite

Cement and ceramics

Cement: pseudowollastonite, brownmillerite, grossite, larnite, mayenite, tobermorite, katoite (synthetic tricalcium aluminate hydrate, C3AH6)

• Clay bearing limestone, undergone high temperature low pressure metamorphosis

Ceramics: mullite, anorthite

Sources for elements

• Sources for elements I
  • Rhenium: molybdenite
  • Lithium: petalite, spodumene, lepidolite solid solution series (polylithionite–trilithionite), amblygonite–montebrasite solid solution series, hectorite clay. Salar de Uyuni area of Bolivia.
  • Aluminium ore (in the broad sense): bauxite (a mixture of böhmite, diaspore, gibbsite), cryolite
  • Vanadium: vanadium bearing magnetite (steel smelter slag), vanadinite (vanadinite–mimetite and mimetite–pyromorphite solid solution series), patronite, carnotite. Flue dust of heavy oil, or as a byproduct of uranium mining.
    • Old ores: descloizite and mottramite
  • Titanium: ilmenite and rutile
  • Manganese: pyrolusite, braunite, psilomelane, rhodochrosite, romanechite
  • Tin: cassiterite
  • Nickel: pentlandite, garnierite, skutterudite, nickel bearing pyrrhotite, nickel bearing limonite
  • Zinc: smithsonite, sphalerite, willemite, hemimorphite, wurtzite, and sometimes hydrozincite
  • Iron: hematite and magnetite
  • Cobalt: byproduct of copper and nickel mining, cobaltite, skutterudite
  • Mercury (element): cinnabar, corderoite, livingstonite
  • Antimony: stibnite, Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan
  • Arsenic: arsenic, realgar, orpiment, and arsenopyrite. Minerals with the formula MAsS and MAs₂ (M = Fe, Ni, Co) are the dominant commercial sources of arsenic
  • Lead: lead is usually found in ore with zinc, silver and (most abundantly) copper, and is extracted together with these metals. Galena, cerussite and anglesite
  • Selenium: selenium is most commonly produced from selenide in many sulfide ores, such as those of copper, silver, or lead. ferroselite, dzharkenite
  • Tellurium: it is normally extracted as a byproduct of copper and lead production. Calaverite and krennerite, petzite, and sylvanite
  • Beryllium: bertrandite, beryl, chrysoberyl and phenakite
  • Boron: borax and kernite
  • Barium: barite and witherite
  • Thallium: the major source of thallium for practical purposes is the trace amount that is found in copper, lead, zinc, and other heavy-metal-sulfide ores. Crookesite, hutchinsonite, lorandite, thallium bearing pyrite.

• Sources for elements II
  • Gold: native gold, calaverite, krennerite, nagyagite, petzite and sylvanite
  • Platinum: native platinum, sperrylite, platinum bearing copper–nickel deposits.
  • Silver: acanthite, stephanite, argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining.
    • Ruby silvers: proustite, pyrargyrite, pearceite (pearceite–polybasite) and miargyrite
  • Copper: chalcocite, chalcopyrite, cuprite
  • Uranium: uraninite, autunite, carnotite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite.
  • Chromium: chromite–magnesiochromite solid solution series
  • Tungsten: scheelite, wolframite (ferberite–hübnerite solid solution series)
  • Molybdenum: molybdenite, wulfenite and powellite
  • Niobium: columbite (columbite-(Fe)–tantalite-(Fe), columbite-(Fe)–columbite-(Mn), columbite-(Mn)–tantalite-(Mn) solid solution series)
  • Tantalum: tantalite, microlite, ixiolite, tapiolite, wodginite
  • Rare-earth elements: allanite, bastnäsite (bastnäsite-(Ce), bastnäsite-(La), bastnäsite-(Nd), bastnäsite-(Y)), xenotime
    • Yttrium sub group rare earths: gadolinite and euxenite
  • Germanium: sphalerite
  • Calcium "ore": calcite
  • Magnesium "ore": magnesite (magnesite–siderite solid solution series)
  • Strontium: strontianite
  • Bicarbonate: natron
  • Nitrate: niter

Zeomic frameworks

• Groups of zeolite species with the same framework include: analcime framework (ANA: analcime, pollucite, leucite and wairakite), chabazite framework (CHA: chabazite-series, herschelite and willhendersonile), gismondine framework (GIS: amicite, garronite and gobbinsite), heulandite framework (HEU: heulandite-series, clinoptilolite-series), natrolite framework (NAT: gonnardite, natrolite, mesolite and scolecite), phillipsite framework (PHI: phillipsite-series, harmotome and discredited wellsite), and stilbite framework (STI: barrerite, stilbite and stellerite)
• Cancrinite–sodalite structural group: afghanite (AFG), cancrinite (CAN), haüyne, helvine, lazurite, nosean, sodalite (SOD), tiptopite, vishnevite
• Nepheline group (Fleischer, 2008): kalsilite, nepheline
• Zeolite-like minerals with a dominance of beryllium or phosphate include: hsianghualite (zeolite), kehoeite* (a mixture of gypsum, quartz, sphalerite, woodhouseite), lovdarite (LOV, zeolite), pahasapaite (zeolite), tiptopite (cancrinite–sodalite structural group), viseite* (Si-bearing crandallite, alunite structural group)
• Zeolite-like minerals with interrupted OH in the structure include: partheite (PAR, zeolite), roggianite (RON, zeolite)
• Minerals found with zeolites that contain no aluminum or the wrong O/(Si + AI) ratio include: apophyllite-series (phyllosilicate), gyrolite (phyllosilicate), maricopaite (MOR, not associated with other zeolites, chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolite), okenite (phyllosilicate), tacharanite (09.HA.75)

Zeomic frameworks

• Valid minerals, zeolites (Fleischer, 2008): ANA (analcime), BIK (bikitaite), BOG (boggsite), BRE (brewsterite), CHA (chabazite, SSZ-13), CHI (chiavennite), DAC (dachiardite), EDI (edingtonite), EPI (epistilbite), ERI (erionite), FAU (faujasite/ X zeolites or Y zeolites), FER (ferrierite), HEU (heulandite/ clinoptilolite), GIS (gismondine), GME (gmelinite), GOO (goosecreekite), LAU (laumontite), LEV (levyne), LOV (lovdarite), MAZ (mazzite), MER (merlinoite), MON (montesommaite), MOR (mordenite), NAB (nabesite), NAT (natrolite), OFF (offretite), PAR (partheite), PAU (paulingite), PHI (phillipsite), RON (roggianite), STI (stilbite), TER (terranovaite), THO (thomsonite), TSC (tschörtnerite), WEI (weinebeneite), WEN (wenkite), YUG (yugawaralite)
• Valid minerals, non-zeolites: LIT (lithosite, zeolite family only on mindat.org), MEP (melanophlogite, silica family)
  • Cancrinite–sodalite (Fleischer, 2008): AFG (afghanite), CAN (cancrinite), FAR (farneseite), FRA (franzinite), GIU (giuseppettite), LIO (liottite), MAR (marinellite), SOD (sodalite)
  • Nepheline group (Fleischer, 2008): none
• Synthetic minerals: CLO (cloverite), LOS (losod), LTA (Linde Type A, zeolite A), MFI (ZSM-5), NON (nonasil)

• Feldspathoid group, informal group
  • Cancrinite–sodalite structural group
  • Nepheline group (Fleischer, 2008)
  • Some minerals of zeolite structural group

• Cancrinite–sodalite structural group: cancrinite (Na₆Ca₂(AlSiO₄)₆(CO₃)₂), haüyne ((Na,Ca)_4-8(AlSiO₄)₆(SO₄,S)_1-2), nosean (Na₈(AlSiO₄)₆SO₄), lazurite a S-bearing haüyne ((Na)₈(AlSiO₄)₆(SO₄,S)_1-2),
• Others: analcime, nepheline group (NaAlSiO₄), leucite (c. KALSi₂O₆), noselite, melilite

Hidden notes

Extended content

Be, Mg, Ca; S, Se, Te; B, C, Si, P; Pb, Fe, Au, Cu, Mn Baddeleyite group (Fleischer, 2008), Benitoite group (Fleischer, 2008), Danburite group (Fleischer, 2008), Linnaeite group or 'thiospinels' (Fleischer, 2008), Mckelveyite group (Fleischer, 2008), Pharmacolite group (Fleischer, 2008), Rhabdophane group (Fleischer, 2008), Tsumcorite group (Fleischer, 2008) Atacamite structural group, Ajoite structural group, Allactite structural group, Boracite structural group, Fluorite structural group, Ramsdellite structural group, Spurrite–afwillite structural group, Triplite structural group Rocksalt structural group: galena group, periclase group and halite group Titanite structural group: titanite group and amblygonite group Zircon structural group: zircon group and xenotime group Perovskite structural group: perovskite group, skutterudite group Spinel structural group: linnaeite group, spinel group Abbreviations: "*" – discredited (IMA/CNMNC status). Q or "?" – questionable/ doubtful (IMA/CNMNC or Mindat.org status). N – published without approval of the IMA/CNMNC, or just not an IMA approved mineral but with some acceptance in the scientific community nowadays. G – a name used to designate a group of species, sometimes only a mineral group name. I – intermediate member of a solid-solution series. H – hypothetical mineral (synthetic, anthropogenic, etc.) ch – incomplete description, hypothetical solid solution end member. Published without approval and formally discredited or not approved, yet. Mainly: pyrochlore, tourmaline and amphibole supergroups, arrojadite, and yftisite-(Y). IMA/CNMNC revisions generate hypothetical solid solution endmembers. Edward S. Grew; Andrew J. Locock; Stuart J. Mills; Irina O. Galuskina; Evgeny V. Galuskin; Ulf Hålenius (2013). "IMA Report: Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup". American Mineralogist. 98: 785–811. P. Bayliss; U. Kolitsch; E. H. Nickel; A. Pring (2010). "Alunite supergroup: recommended nomenclature". Mineralogical Magazine. 74 (5): 919–927. A. G. Christy; D. Atencio (2012). "Clarification of status of species in the pyrochlore supergroup". Mineralogical Magazine. 77 (1): 13–20. Daniel Atencio; Marcelo B. Andrade; Andrew G. Christy; Reto Gieré; Pavel M. Kartashov (2010). "The pyrochlore supergroup of minerals: Nomenclature". The Canadian Mineralogist. 48: 673–698. doi:10.3749/canmin.48.3.673. Biagioni, Cristian; Capalbo Carmen; Pasero Marco (2013). "Nomenclature tunings in the hollandite supergroup". European Journal of Mineralogy. 25: 85–90. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2255.