List of marine reptiles

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Following is a list of marine reptiles, reptiles which are adapted to life in marine or brackish environments.

Extant[edit]

The following marine reptiles are species which are currently extant or recently extinct.

Crocodiles[edit]

Crocodylus acutus (American crocodile)
Crocodylus porosus (Saltwater crocodile)

Lizards[edit]

Amblyrhynchus cristatus (Marine iguana)
Varanus indicus (Mangrove monitor)

Snakes[edit]

Acrochordus arafurae (Arafura filesnake)
Acrochordus granulatus (Little filesnake)
Acrochordus javanicus (Javan file snake)
Farancia abacura (Mud snake)
Farancia erythrogrammus (Rainbow snake)
Helicops angulatus (Brown-banded water snake)
Helicops infrataeniatus
Helicops scalaris
Hydrops triangularis
Leptodeira rubricata (Costa Rican cat-eyed snake)
Pseudoeryx relictualis
Tretanorhinus nigroluteus
Tretanorhinus variabilis
Grayia smythii (Smith's African water snake)
Cerberus australis
Cerberus dunsoni
Cerberus microlepis
Cerberus rynchops
Cerberus schneiderii
Myrrophis bennettii (Bennett's mud snake)
Myron karnsi
Myron resetari
Myron richardsonii
Aipysurus eydouxii (Spine-tailed sea snake)
Aipysurus laevis (Olive sea snake)
Disteira major (Olive-headed or greater sea snake)
Disteira nigrocincta
Disteira walli (Wall's sea snake)
Hydrophis belcheri (Faint-banded sea snake, Belcher's sea snake)
Hydrophis bituberculatus (Peters' sea snake)
Hydrophis brooki
Hydrophis caerulescens (Dwarf sea snake)
Hydrophis cantoris
Hydrophis cyanocinctus (Annulated sea snake, blue-banded sea snake)
Hydrophis fasciatus (Striped sea snake)
Hydrophis gracilis (Graceful small-headed sea snake, slender sea snake)
Hydrophis inornatus (Plain sea snake)
Hydrophis klossi (Kloss' sea snake)
Hydrophis lapemoides (Persian Gulf sea snake)
Hydrophis mamillaris (Bombay sea snake)
Hydrophis melanocephalus (Slender-necked sea snake)
Hydrophis obscurus (Russell's sea snake)
Hydrophis ornatus (Ornate reef sea snake)
Hydrophis semperi (Garman's sea snake)
Hydrophis spiralis (Yellow sea snake)
Hydrophis stricticollis (Collared sea snake)
Hydrophis viperinus
Lapemis curtus (Shaw's sea snake)
Lapemis hardwickii (Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake)
Laticauda colubrina (Colubrine sea krait, yellow-lipped sea krait)
Laticauda laticaudata (Blue-lipped sea krait)
Thalassophis anomalus (Anomalous sea snake)

Sea turtles[edit]

Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle)
Caretta caretta (Loggerhead sea turtle)
Lepidochelys kempii (Kemp's ridley)
Lepidochelys olivacea (Olive ridley)
Chelonia mydas (Green sea turtle)
Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill sea turtle)
Natator depressus (Flatback sea turtle)

Extinct[edit]

From the Permian to the present day there have been numerous groups of extinct reptiles that adapted to life in the marine realm:

Mesosaurs[edit]

Stereosternum
Mesosaurus

Phytosaurs[edit]

Mystriosuchus

Squamates[edit]

  • Dolichosauridae: Late Cretaceous
Adriosaurus
Dolichosaurus
Judeasaurus
Opetiosaurus
Aigialosaurus
Portunatasaurus
Carinodens
Clidastes
Dallasaurus
Globidens
Kaikaifilu
Mosasaurus
Plotosaurus
Prognathodon
Thalassotitan
Eonatator
Halisaurus
Hainosaurus
Tylosaurus
Taniwhasaurus
Platecarpus
Plioplatecarpus
Selmasaurus
Eupodophis
Haasiophis
Pachyophis
Pachyrhachis
Archaeophis
Palaeophis
Pterosphenus

Protorosaurs[edit]

Sauropterygians[edit]

Cyamodus
Henodus
Paraplacodus
Placochelys
Placodus
Psephoderma
Lariosaurus
Nothosaurus
Anarosaurus
Dactylosaurus
Keichousaurus
Neusticosaurus (Pachypleurosaurus)
Cryptoclidus
Microcleidus
Muraenosaurus
Elasmosaurus
Futabasaurus
Hydrotherosaurus
Kimmerosaurus
Libonectes
Mauisaurus
Morturneria
Thalassomedon
Tuarangisaurus
Dolichorhynchops
Edgarosaurus
Manemergus
Sulcusuchus
Thililua
Trinacromerum
Kronosaurus
Liopleurodon
Pliosaurus
Macroplata
Peloneustes
Rhomaleosaurus
Umoonasaurus
Sachicasaurus

Ichthyosaurs[edit]

Ichthyosaurus
Mixosaurus
Ophthalmosaurus
Shastasaurus
Shonisaurus

Choristoderes[edit]

Crocodylomorphs[edit]

Eoneustes
Teleidosaurus
Zoneait
Aggiosaurus
Dakosaurus
Enaliosuchus
Geosaurus
Metriorhynchus
Neustosaurus
Purranisaurus
Teleidosaurus
Machimosaurus
Pelagosaurus
Platysuchus
Teleosaurus
Steneosaurus
Elosuchus
Oceanosuchus
Terminonaris
Arambourgisuchus
Atlantosuchus
Dyrosaurus
Guarinisuchus
Phosphatosaurus
Rhabdognathus
Eothoracosaurus
Thoracosaurus
Eosuchus
Argochampsa
Eogavialis
Ikanogavialis
Piscogavialis
Siquisiquesuchus
Gryposuchus
Aktiogavialis

Testudines[edit]

Allopleuron
Archelon
Pneumatoarthrus
Protostega
Araripemys

Thalattosaurs[edit]

  • Agkistrognathus campebelli
  • Anshunsaurus huangguoshuensis
  • Anshunsaurus wushaensis
  • Askeptosaurus italicus
  • Concavispina biseridens[3]
  • Clarazia schinzi
  • Endennasaurus acutirostris
  • Hescheleria ruebeli
  • Miodentosaurus brevis
  • Nectosaurus halius
  • Paralonectes merriami
  • Thalattosaurus alexandrae
  • Thalattosaurus borealis
  • Xinpusaurus suni

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Murphy, J. C. (10 May 2012). "Marine Invasions by Non-Sea Snakes, with Thoughts on Terrestrial-Aquatic-Marine Transitions". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 52 (2): 217–226. doi:10.1093/icb/ics060. PMID 22576813.
  2. ^ Silvio Renesto (2005). "A possible find of Endennasaurus (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) with a comparison between Endennasaurus and Pachystropheus". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte. Jg. 2005 (2): 118–128.
  3. ^ Liu, J., L.-J. Zhao, C. Li, and T. He. 2013. Osteology of Concavispina biseridens (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) from the Xiaowa Formation (Carnian), Guanling, Guizhou, China Journal of Palaeontology 87:341-350.