Sanctum (1998 video game)
| Sanctum | |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Digital Addiction |
| Artist(s) | Lee Moyer |
| Platform(s) | Microsoft Windows |
| Release | July 9, 1998[1] |
| Genre(s) | Collectible card game |
| Mode(s) | Multiplayer |
Sanctum is a two-player digital collectible card game, played online against human opponents. Players log into a "Game Lobby" (known as "The Gate") to find other players to challenge to a match. It runs on the Windows operating system. It was developed by Digital Addiction in 1997, and was launched to public participation on July 9, 1998. At its peak, the game had over 1200 active participants (who logged in at least twice weekly over a period of three months). Registered users reached 82,000 by 1999,[2] and by May, 2000 had over 100 thousand registered users. It was one of the first online trading card games,[3] and received many favorable reviews.[4]
The virtual "collectible cards" include common, uncommon, and rare, with different powers, in-game functions and artwork. They do not exist as actual physical cards (with the exception of a few that were distributed by Digital Addiction for promotional purposes) but they are owned and traded in an online account, and are played solely within the virtual environment of Sanctum. A registered player is given a certain number of free cards to play, and additional cards can be purchased through the online card store.
Sanctum has had a devoted user following, with player clubs and cabals, tournaments and prizes, secondary card markets, fan fiction, trivia contests, and dozens of fan web sites.
Sanctum is currently run by members of its community. The most recent update to the game was released February 17, 2014.[5]
Game overview[edit]
The goal of each player is to defend his or her sanctum from encroachment by their opponent. If a player manages to get some of their units into the opponent's sanctum, the game is over with that player declared the winner.
The game is played on a diagonally aligned grid of square tiles. The player's home base appears in the bottom rows, taking up five squares in a plus-sign shape; the opponent's sanctum similarly was located in the top rows. Five towns are placed on the board, one in one of the two center squares, and each pair of the other four are located closer to one sanctum than the other. No two towns are closer than two spaces apart, and each player's sanctum was the same number of moves to its closest town, and so on, such that no player has a tactical advantage from town placement. The rest of the squares of the grid are randomly assigned one of the basic terrain types: plains, forest, desert, water, swampland or mountains.
Sanctums and towns produce one of six "mana" types every turn (Clarity, Mystery, Order, Strife, Will, and World),[6] with sanctums only able to produce the type of mana associated with the house the player utilized, while towns can be dedicated to any mana of the player's choice. Players assemble "decks" out of their virtual cards. Each card has a cost in mana, and has varying effects. Each player is dealt five cards out of their decks, and can cast as many in their turn as their mana allows, as well as discard up to one. At the end of their turn, a player's hand is replenished to five cards.
Towns and sanctums also periodically produce novices every so many turns (every other turn for towns, and every fourth turn for sanctums). These are trained as Swordsmen or Archers to fight for their player,[6] to attack monsters summoned by the enemy, to capture towns, or ultimately to capture the enemy Sanctum. These units can stack in groups of up to eight, and individuals or entire groups can be affected by various spells.
Structure[edit]
As with many fantasy games, spell-casting in Sanctum is constrained by a limited resource called Mana. In this game, mana comes in six types, in three pairs of opposites:
- Strife / Order
- Clarity / Mystery
- Will / World
There are also twelve "houses",[6] each holding claim to a specific pair of mana types, one major and one minor for that house, and a race of beings who serve it with a special power:
| House Name | Major Mana | Minor Mana | Nation | Special Ability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abomination | Will | Strife | Imps | +1 Hand Damage |
| Body | World | Mystery | Cyclopes | +2 Hit Points |
| Death | Mystery | Will | Keepers | +1 Hand Damage |
| Despair | Mystery | Strife | Shadows | Mountainwalk |
| Hope | Clarity | Order | Visions | Waterwalk |
| Justice | Order | Mystery | Gargoyles | +2 hit points |
| Life | Clarity | World | Elves | +1 Missile Damage |
| Making | Order | Will | Dwarves | Mountainwalk |
| Mind | Will | Clarity | Djinni | Waterwalk |
| Nature | World | Order | Satyrs | +1 Missile Damage |
| Unmaking | Strife | World | Misfits | +2 hit points |
| War | Strife | Clarity | Humans | +1 Hand Damage |
Decks of at least 30 cards are constructed and assigned a specific house, though cards from other houses can be included.
History[edit]
Sanctum was built by Digital Addiction starting in 1996.[7] Released on July 9, 1998, Sanctum was one of the first online collectible card games.[8]
The original development team included artist Lee Moyer, programmer (now conceptual artist and games academic) Ethan Ham,[6] and programmer and author Benjamin Rosenbaum.[9] Rosenbaum's World Fantasy Award-nominated story "A Siege of Cranes" is set in the game's universe.[10]
In 2000, Digital Addiction closed its doors. Faced with the prospect of the game vanishing, several players created the non-profit company Nioga ("Non-profit International Online Gaming Association") and acquired the game-related assets of Digital Addiction with the intent of keeping it running for its players.[11] The Nioga members intended to donate all game profits (generated through the sale of virtual cards) to charity. Nioga maintained the game and released an expansion set, Revolutions.[12]
Over time, player retention and game revenues dwindled. The non-profit status of Nioga was eventually canceled. On June 1, 2010, the Sanctum servers were shut down at the co-location facility.
In January 2012 a new community effort to make the Sanctum game available for play was started at www.playsanctum.net. On February 17, 2014, it launched a new expansion set, Allies and Traitors [13]
Reception[edit]
Daniel Erickson reviewed the game for Next Generation, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "A terrific and addictive online strategy game."[14]
References[edit]
- ^ "Sanctum Open for Business". Gamespot. 1998-07-09. Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ "Sanctum game creates 80,000 digital 'addicts'". The Washington Times, Washington, D.C., Dec 6, 1999, Cover story D1, D11. 1999-12-06. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
- ^ PhntmBlackIce. "A Look at Online Trading Card Games". TCGPlayer.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ Greg Crowe (12 August 1998). "Review: Sanctum (Digital Addiction) - Game Industry News". Game Industry News. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
- ^ "Sanctum - Allies and Traitors". Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ a b c d Varney, Allen (July 1998). "Previews". The Duelist. No. 27. Wizards of the Coast. p. 66.
- ^ "James Harvey, 29, President of Digital Addiction". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ "Sanctum Open for Business". Gamespot. 1998-07-09. Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ "A Conversation with Ethan Ham and Benjamin Rosenbaum". Retrieved 2018-01-26.
- ^ "Twenty Epics Launch Party (blog entry)". Retrieved 2018-01-26.
- ^ Ham, Ethan (Apr 2010). "Rarity and Power: Balance in Collectible Object Games". Game Studies. 10 (1). ISSN 1604-7982.
- ^ "Sanctum - FAQ - Accounts - Collecting Cards". Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ "Sanctum - Allies and Traitors". Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ Erickson, Daniel (September 1999). "Finals". Next Generation. Vol. 2, no. 1. Imagine Media. p. 88.
Further reading[edit]
- Wylie, Tom (November 1998). "Sanctorum". The Duelist. No. 31. Wizards of the Coast. pp. 90–91.