NCAA Division I men's golf championship

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NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship
Tournament information
Location2023: Scottsdale, Arizona
Established1939
Course(s)2023: Grayhawk Golf Club
Par2023: 70
Length2023: 7,289 yards (6,665 m)
Format72-hole stroke play
8-team match play
Month playedMay
Current champion
Team: Florida
Individual: Fred Biondi (Florida)
2023 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship

The NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship, played in late May or early June, is the top annual competition in U.S. men's collegiate golf.

The teams that win their respective Division I conference championships are given automatic spots in the regionals. A selection committee decides which other teams play in the regionals. The top teams in each regional advance to the championship. In addition, the best player in each tournament from teams not qualified also advance to the next round as individual competitors.

Formerly, it was a stroke play team competition, but starting in 2009, the competition was changed to a stroke play/match play competition with the top eight teams after 54 holes of stroke play being seeded and concluding with an eight-team match play playoff. An award is also given for the lowest-scoring individual competitor.

Many individual winners have gone on to have successful careers on the PGA Tour, including 1961 champion Jack Nicklaus, 1967 champion Hale Irwin, 1996 champion Tiger Woods, and three-time champions Ben Crenshaw and Phil Mickelson.

Results[edit]

Note: The NCAA was founded in 1906. The first championship sponsored by the NCAA was in 1939.[1][2]

Pre-NCAA era, match play (1897–1938)[edit]

The NCAA started sponsoring the golf championship in 1939; the previous 41 championships were conferred by the National Intercollegiate Golf Association.[2]

  • Team scores, individual scores, and course pars are not kept in official NCAA records before 1939.
Year Site Host course Team champion Individual champion
1897 Ardsley-on-Hudson, NY Ardsley Club Yale Louis Bayard, Jr. (Princeton)
1898 Ardsley-on-Hudson, NY Ardsley Club Yale (spring)[3] James Curtis (Harvard)[4]
Ardsley-on-Hudson, NY Ardsley Club[5] Harvard (fall)[6] John Reid, Jr. (Yale)
1899 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club[7] Harvard Percy Pyne (Princeton)
1900 No tournament
1901 Atlantic City, NJ Atlantic City Country Club Harvard Halstead Lindsley (Harvard)
1902 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Yale (spring) Charles Hitchcock, Jr. (Yale)
Morristown, NJ Morris County Golf Club Harvard (fall) Chandler Egan (Harvard)
1903 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Harvard F. O. Reinhart (Princeton)
1904 South Hamilton, MA Myopia Hunt Club Harvard A. L. White (Harvard)
1905 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Yale Robert Abbott (Yale)
1906 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Yale W. E. Clow, Jr. (Yale)
1907 Glen Cove, NY Nassau Country Club Yale Ellis Knowles (Yale)
1908 West Newton, MA Brae Burn Country Club Yale H. H. Wilder (Harvard)
1909 Rye, NY Apawamis Golf Club Yale Albert Seckel (Princeton)
1910 West Orange, NJ Essex County Country Club Yale Robert Hunter (Yale)
1911 Springfield, NJ Baltusrol Golf Club Yale George Stanley (Yale)
1912 Manchester, VT Ekwanok Country Club Yale F. C. Davison (Harvard)
1913 Huntingdon Valley, PA Huntingdon Valley Country Club Yale Nathaniel Wheeler (Yale)
1914 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Princeton Edward Allis (Harvard)
1915 Greenwich, CT Greenwich Country Club Yale Francis Blossom (Yale)
1916 Oakmont, PA Oakmont Country Club Princeton J. W. Hubbell (Harvard)
1917 No tournament
1918 No tournament due to World War I
1919 Haverford Township, PA Merion Golf Club Columbia A. L. Walker, Jr. (Columbia)
1920 Glen Cove, NY Nassau Country Club Princeton Jess Sweetser (Yale)
1921 Greenwich, CT Greenwich Country Club Dartmouth Simpson Dean (Princeton)
1922 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Princeton Pollack Boyd (Dartmouth)
1923 Bronxville, NY Siwanoy Country Club Princeton Dexter Cummings (Yale)
1924 Greenwich, CT Greenwich Country Club Yale Dexter Cummings (Yale)
1925 Montclair, VA Montclair Country Club Yale Fred Lamprecht (Tulane)
1926 Haverford Township, PA Merion Golf Club Yale Fred Lamprecht (Tulane)
1927 Garden City, NY Garden City Golf Club Princeton Watts Gunn (Georgia Tech)
1928 Rye, NY Apawamis Golf Club Princeton Maurice McCarthy (Georgetown)
1929 Deal, NJ Hollywood Golf Club Princeton Tom Aycock (Yale)
1930 Oakmont, PA Oakmont Country Club Princeton George Dunlap (Princeton)
1931 Olympia Fields, IL Olympia Fields Country Club Yale George Dunlap (Princeton)
1932 Hot Springs, VA The Homestead Yale Johnny Fischer (Michigan)
1933 Williamsville, NY[8] Country Club of Buffalo[9] Yale Walter Emery (Oklahoma)
1934 Cleveland, TN Cleveland Country Club Michigan Charlie Yates (Georgia Tech)
1935 Bethesda, MD Congressional Country Club Michigan Ed White (Texas)
1936 Glenview, IL North Shore Country Club Yale Charles Kocsis (Michigan)
1937 Oakmont, PA Oakmont Country Club Princeton Fred Haas (LSU)
1938 Louisville, KY Louisville Country Club[10] Stanford John P. Burke (Georgetown)

NCAA era, match play (1939–1964)[edit]

Year Site Host course Team championship Individual champion
Champion Score Runner-up Score
1939
Details
Des Moines, IA Wakonda Club Stanford 612 Northwestern
Princeton
614 Vincent D'Antoni (Tulane)
1940
Details
Manchester, VT Ekwanok Country Club Princeton
LSU
601 Dixon Brooke (Virginia)
1941
Details
Columbus, OH Ohio State University Golf Club Stanford 580 LSU 599 Earl Stewart (LSU)
1942
Details
South Bend, IN South Bend Country Club LSU
Stanford
590 Frank Tatum (Stanford)
1943
Details
Olympia Fields, IL Olympia Fields Country Club Yale 614 Michigan 618 Wally Ulrich (Carleton)
1944
Details
Toledo, OH Inverness Club Notre Dame 311 Minnesota 312 Louis Lick (Minnesota)
1945
Details
Columbus, OH Ohio State University Golf Club Ohio State 602 Northwestern 621 John Lorms (Ohio State)
1946
Details
Princeton, NJ Springdale Golf Club Stanford 619 Michigan 624 George Hamer (Georgia)
1947
Details
Ann Arbor, MI University of Michigan Golf Course LSU 606 Duke 614 Dave Barclay (Michigan)
1948
Details
Stanford, CA Stanford University Golf Course San Jose State 579 LSU 588 Bob Harris (San Jose State)
1949
Details
Ames, IA Veenker Memorial Golf Course North Texas State 590 Purdue
Texas
600 Harvie Ward (North Carolina)
1950
Details
Albuquerque, NM Championship Golf Course
at University of New Mexico
North Texas State 573 Purdue 577 Fred Wampler (Purdue)
1951
Details
Columbus, OH Ohio State University Golf Club North Texas State 588 Ohio State 589 Tom Nieporte (Ohio State)
1952
Details
West Lafayette, IN Purdue University Golf Course North Texas State 587 Michigan 593 Jim Vickers (Oklahoma)
1953
Details
Colorado Springs, CO Broadmoor Golf Club Stanford 578 North Carolina 580 Earl Moeller (Oklahoma A&M)
1954
Details
Houston, TX Braeburn Country Club SMU 572 North Texas State 573 Hillman Robbins (Memphis State)
1955
Details
Knoxville, TN Holston Hills Country Club LSU 574 North Texas State 583 Joe Campbell (Purdue)
1956
Details
Columbus, OH Ohio State University Golf Club Houston 601 North Texas State
Purdue
602 Rick Jones (Ohio State)
1957
Details
Colorado Springs, CO Broadmoor Golf Club Houston 602 Stanford 603 Rex Baxter (Houston)
1958
Details
Williamstown, MA Taconic Golf Club Houston 570 Oklahoma State 582 Phil Rodgers (Houston)
1959
Details
Eugene, OR Eugene Country Club Houston 561 Purdue 571 Richard Crawford (Houston)
1960
Details
Colorado Springs, CO Broadmoor Golf Club Houston 603 Purdue 607 Richard Crawford (Houston)
1961
Details
West Lafayette, IN Purdue University Golf Course Purdue 584 Arizona State 595 Jack Nicklaus (Ohio State)
1962
Details
Durham, NC Duke Golf Club Houston 588 Oklahoma State 598 Kermit Zarley (Houston)
1963
Details
Wichita, KS Wichita Country Club Oklahoma State 581 Houston 582 R. H. Sikes (Arkansas)
1964
Details
Colorado Springs, CO Broadmoor Golf Club Houston 580 Oklahoma State 587 Terry Small (San Jose State)

NCAA era, stroke play (1965–2008)[edit]

Year Site Host course Par Team championship Individual champion Score
Champion Score Runner-up Score
1965
Details
Knoxville, TN Holston Hills Country Club 72
(288)
Houston 577 Cal State Los Angeles 587 Marty Fleckman
(Houston)
281
1966
Details
Stanford, CA Stanford University Golf Course 72
(288)
Houston 582 San Jose State 586 Bob Murphy
(Florida)
283
1967
Details
Shawnee on Delaware, PA Shawnee Golf Course 72
(288)
Houston 585 Florida 588 Hale Irwin
(Colorado)
283
(−5)
1968
Details
Las Cruces, NM NMSU Golf Course 71
(284)
Florida 1,154 Houston 1,156 Grier Jones
(Oklahoma State)
276
(−8)
1969
Details
Colorado Springs, CO Broadmoor Golf Club 70
(280)
Houston 1,223 Wake Forest 1,232 Bob Clark
(Cal State Los Angeles)
298
(+18)
1970
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 72
(288)
Houston 1,172 Wake Forest 1,182 John Mahaffey
(Houston)
284
(−4)
1971
Details
Tucson, AZ Tucson National Golf Club 72
(288)
Texas 1,144 Houston 1,151 Ben Crenshaw
(Texas)
273
(−15)
1972
Details
Cape Coral, FL Cape Coral Golf Club 72
(288)
Texas 1,146 Houston 1,159 Ben Crenshaw &
Tom Kite
(Texas)
279
(−9)
1973
Details
Stillwater, OK Stillwater Country Club 70
(280)
Florida 1,149 Oklahoma State 1,159 Ben Crenshaw
(Texas)
282
(+2)
1974
Details
Santee, CA Carlton Oaks Country Club 72
(288)
Wake Forest 1,158 Florida 1,160 Curtis Strange
(Wake Forest)
282
(−6)
1975
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 72
(288)
Wake Forest 1,156 Oklahoma State 1,189 Jay Haas
(Wake Forest)
282
(−2)
1976
Details
Albuquerque, NM UNM Championship Golf Course 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,166 BYU 1,173 Scott Simpson
(USC)
283
(−5)
1977
Details
Hamilton, NY Seven Oaks Golf Course 72
(288)
Houston 1,197 Oklahoma State 1,205 Scott Simpson
(USC)
289
(+1)
1978
Details
Eugene, OR Eugene Country Club 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,140 Georgia 1,157 David Edwards
(Oklahoma State)
209
(−7)
1979
Details
Winston-Salem, NC Bermuda Run Country Club 72
(288)
Ohio State 1,189 Oklahoma State 1,191 Gary Hallberg
(Wake Forest)
287
(−1)
1980
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,173 BYU 1,177 Jay Don Blake
(Utah State)
283
(−5)
1981
Details
Stanford, CA Stanford University Golf Course 71
(284)
BYU 1,161 Oral Roberts 1,163 Ron Commans
(USC)
283
(−1)
1982
Details
Pinehurst, NC Pinehurst Resort 72
(288)
Houston 1,141 Oklahoma State 1,151 Billy Ray Brown
(Houston)
280
(−8)
1983
Details
Fresno, CA San Joaquin Country Club 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,161 Texas 1,168 Jim Carter
(Arizona State)
287
(−1)
1984
Details
Houston, TX Bear Creek Golf World 72
(288)
Houston 1,145 Oklahoma State 1,146 John Inman
(North Carolina)
271
(−1)
1985
Details
Haines City, FL Grenelefe Country Club 72
(288)
Houston 1,172 Oklahoma State 1,175 Clark Burroughs
(Ohio State)
285
(−3)
1986
Details
Winston-Salem, NC Bermuda Run Country Club 72
(288)
Wake Forest 1,156 Oklahoma State 1,160 Scott Verplank
(Oklahoma State)
282
(−6)
1987
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,160 Wake Forest 1,176 Brian Watts
(Oklahoma State)
280
(−8)
1988
Details
Thousand Oaks, CA North Ranch Country Club 71
(284)
UCLA 1,176 UTEP
Oklahoma
Oklahoma State
1,179 E. J. Pfister
(Oklahoma State)
284
(E)
1989
Details
Edmond, OK Oak Tree Country Club 70
(280)
Oklahoma 1,139 Texas 1,179 Phil Mickelson
(Arizona State)
281
(+1)
1990
Details
Tarpon Springs, FL Innisbrook Island Course 72
(288)
Arizona State 1,155 Florida 1,157 Phil Mickelson
(Arizona State)
279
(−7)
1991
Details
Pebble Beach, CA Poppy Hills Golf Course 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,161 North Carolina 1,168 Warren Schutte
(UNLV)
283
(−5)
1992
Details
Albuquerque, NM UNM Championship Golf Course 72
(288)
Arizona 1,129 Arizona State 1,136 Phil Mickelson
(Arizona State)
271
(−17)
1993
Details
Lexington, KY Champions Golf Course 72
(288)
Florida 1,145 Georgia Tech 1,146 Todd Demsey
(Arizona State)
278
(−10)
1994
Details
McKinney, TX Stonebridge Country Club 72
(288)
Stanford 1,129 Texas 1,133 Justin Leonard
(Texas)
271
(−17)
1995
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,156§ Stanford 1,156 Chip Spratlin
(Auburn)
283
(−5)
1996
Details
Ooltewah, TN Honors Course 72
(288)
Arizona State 1,186 UNLV 1,189 Tiger Woods
(Stanford)
285
(−3)
1997
Details
Lake Forest, IL Conway Farms Golf Club 72
(288)
Pepperdine 1,148 Wake Forest 1,151 Charles Warren
(Clemson)
279
(−9)§
1998
Details
Albuquerque, NM UNM Championship Golf Course 72
(288)
UNLV 1,118 Clemson 1,121 James McLean
(Minnesota)
271
(−17)
1999
Details
Chaska, MN Hazeltine National Golf Club 72
(288)
Georgia 1,180 Oklahoma State 1,183 Luke Donald
(Northwestern)
284
(−4)
2000
Details
Opelika, AL Grand National 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,116§ Georgia Tech 1,116 Charles Howell III
(Oklahoma State)
265
(−23)
2001
Details
Durham, NC Duke Golf Club 72
(288)
Florida 1,126 Clemson 1,144 Nick Gilliam
(Florida)
276
(−12)
2002
Details
Columbus, OH OSU Golf Course 71
(284)
Minnesota 1,134 Georgia Tech 1,140 Troy Matteson
(Georgia Tech)
276
(−8)
2003
Details
Stillwater, OK Karsten Creek Golf Course 72
(288)
Clemson 1,191 Oklahoma State 1,193 Alejandro Cañizares
(Arizona State)
287
(−1)
2004
Details
Hot Springs, VA The Homestead 70
(280)
California 1,134 UCLA 1,140 Ryan Moore
(UNLV)
267
(−13)
2005
Details
Owings Mills, MD Caves Valley Golf Club 70
(280)
Georgia 1,135 Georgia Tech 1,146 James Lepp
(Washington)
276
(−4)§
2006
Details
Sunriver, OR Crosswater Club 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 1,143 Florida 1,146 Jonathan Moore
(Oklahoma State)
276
(−12)§
2007
Details
Williamsburg, VA Golden Horseshoe Golf Club 70
(280)
Stanford 1,109 Georgia 1,121 Jamie Lovemark
(USC)
271
(−9)
2008
Details
West Lafayette, IN Birck Boilermaker Golf Complex 72
(288)
UCLA 1,194 Stanford 1,195 Kevin Chappell
(UCLA)
286
(−2)

NCAA era, stroke and match play (2009–present)[edit]

Year Site Host course Par Team championship Individual champion Score
Champion Score Runner-up
2009
Details
Toledo, OH Inverness Club 71
(210)
Texas A&M 3–2 Arkansas Matt Hill
(NC State)
207
(−3)
2010
Details
Ooltewah, TN Honors Course 72
(214)
Augusta State 312–112 Oklahoma State Scott Langley
(Illinois)
206
(−8)
2011
Details
Stillwater, OK Karsten Creek Golf Course 72
(214)
Augusta State 3–2 Georgia John Peterson
(LSU)
211
(−3)
2012
Details
Pacific Palisades, CA Riviera Country Club 71
(212)
Texas 3–2 Alabama Thomas Pieters
(Illinois)
208
(−4)
2013
Details
Atlanta, GA Capital City Club 70
(210)
Alabama 4–1 Illinois Max Homa
(California)
201
(−9)
2014
Details
Hutchinson, KS Prairie Dunes Country Club 70
(210)
Alabama 4–1 Oklahoma State Cameron Wilson
(Stanford)
204
(−6)§
2015
Details
Bradenton, FL The Concession Golf Club 72
(288)
LSU 4–1 Southern California Bryson DeChambeau
(SMU)
280
(−8)
2016
Details
Eugene, OR Eugene Country Club 70
(280)
Oregon 3–2 Texas Aaron Wise
(Oregon)
275
(−5)
2017
Details
Sugar Grove, IL Rich Harvest Farms 72
(288)
Oklahoma 312–112 Oregon Braden Thornberry
(Mississippi)
277
(−11)
2018
Details
Stillwater, OK Karsten Creek 72
(288)
Oklahoma State 5–0 Alabama Broc Everett
(Augusta)
281
(−7)§
2019
Details
Fayetteville, AR Blessings Golf Club 72
(288)
Stanford 3–2 Texas Matthew Wolff
(Oklahoma State)
278
(−10)
2020 Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2021
Details
Scottsdale, AZ Grayhawk Golf Club 70
(280)
Pepperdine 3–2 Oklahoma Turk Pettit
(Clemson)
273
(−7)
2022
Details
Texas 3–2 Arizona State Gordon Sargent
(Vanderbilt)
280
(E)§
2023
Details
Florida 3–1 Georgia Tech Fred Biondi
(Florida)
273
(−7)
  • § Won via a playoff.

Non-American winners[edit]

Americans had captured all of the titles from the tournament's inception, until James McLean of Australia won in 1998. Luke Donald of England won in 1999. Alejandro Cañizares of Spain won in 2003, followed by James Lepp (2005) and Matt Hill (2009), both from Canada, Thomas Pieters of Belgium in 2012, and Fred Biondi of Brazil in 2023.

Team titles[edit]

The Intercollegiate Golf Association (later named the National Intercollegiate Golf Association) sponsored the annual tournament and awarded titles from 1897 through 1938. In 1939, the NCAA assumed tournament sponsorship and began awarding championship titles.[1][2]

Schools are listed by their current names, which do not necessarily match those used when schools won their titles.

Team # NIGA titles # NCAA titles Years won
Yale 20 1 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1936, 1943
Houston 0 16 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1977, 1982, 1984, 1985
Princeton 11 1 1914, 1916, 1919, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1937, 1940
Oklahoma State 0 11 1963, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1987, 1991, 1995, 2000, 2006, 2018
Stanford 1 8 1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1946, 1953, 1994, 2007, 2019
Harvard 6 0 1898, 1899, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904
LSU 0 5 1940, 1942, 1947, 1955, 2015
Florida 0 5 1968, 1973, 1993, 2001, 2023
North Texas 0 4 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952
Texas 0 4 1971, 1972, 2012, 2022
Wake Forest 0 3 1974, 1975, 1986
Alabama 0 2 2013, 2014
Arizona State 0 2 1990, 1996
Augusta 0 2 2010, 2011
Georgia 0 2 1999, 2005
Michigan 2 0 1934, 1935
Ohio State 0 2 1945, 1979
Oklahoma 0 2 1989, 2017
Pepperdine 0 2 1997, 2021
UCLA 0 2 1988, 2008
Arizona 0 1 1992
BYU 0 1 1981
California 0 1 2004
Clemson 0 1 2003
Dartmouth 1 0 1921
Minnesota 0 1 2002
Notre Dame 0 1 1944
Oregon 0 1 2016
Purdue 0 1 1961
San Jose State 0 1 1948
SMU 0 1 1954
Texas A&M 0 1 2009
UNLV 0 1 1998

Multiple winners[edit]

Individual champion[edit]

These men have won more than one individual championship:

Individual champion's school[edit]

These schools have produced more than one individual champion:

Winners of both U.S. Amateur and collegiate titles[edit]

These men have won both the collegiate individual championship and the U.S. Amateur. Only Jack Nicklaus (1961), Phil Mickelson (1990), Tiger Woods (1996), Ryan Moore (2004), and Bryson DeChambeau (2015) have managed the feat in the same year.

Player U.S. Amateur Collegiate
Bryson DeChambeau 2015 2015
George Dunlap 1933 1930, 1931
Chandler Egan 1904, 1905 1902
Johnny Fischer 1936 1932
Justin Leonard 1992 1994
Phil Mickelson 1990 1989, 1990, 1992
Ryan Moore 2004 2004
Bob Murphy 1965 1966
Jack Nicklaus 1959, 1961 1961
Hillman Robbins 1957 1954
Jess Sweetser 1922 1920
Scott Verplank 1984 1986
Harvie Ward 1955, 1956 1949
Tiger Woods 1994, 1995, 1996 1996

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Division I Men's Golf" (PDF). Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  2. ^ a b c Kieran, John (June 24, 1940). "The Collegiate Touch on the Links" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved January 29, 2015. The intercollegiate championship is rising in importance in golf with each passing year. ... The N.C.A.A. has taken over the administration of the college fray and their delegate in charge on the field is none other than Chick Evans, the old champion and one of the greatest shot-makers the game ever knew, amateur or professional.
  3. ^ "Golf Team Defeated". The Crimson. May 6, 1898. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  4. ^ "Men's Championship Series #2: 1898". March 6, 2023.
  5. ^ "Double Golf Victory. Yale and Columbia Defeated.--Finals Against Princeton Today". The Crimson. October 22, 1902. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  6. ^ Wheelwright, William Bond; Goodridge, Arthur Minot, eds. (1899). Harvard Teams 1898-1899. Cambridge, Massachusetts. p. 29.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  7. ^ "Intercollegiate Golf. Harvard Defeats Columbia and Princeton Defeats Yale". The Crimson. October 25, 1899. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  8. ^ "Yale wins third golf crown in row; Michigan 2d". Chicago Tribune. June 28, 1933. p. 24. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  9. ^ Laing, Jack (June 27, 1933). "Yale team takes impressive lead in college golf tourney. Kowal, Banks, Nittinger, Noyes notch 73 apiece to tie for singles lead" (PDF). Buffalo Courier-Express. p. 15. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  10. ^ Ruby, Earl (June 30, 1938). "Turnesa and Barclay Star Pupils in Intercollegiate Class of 32". No. Thursday Morning. Courier-Journal. Retrieved February 2, 2021.

External links[edit]