Until the End (Kittie album)

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Until the End
An angel, with their arms and legs bound by rope, drowning in water. The text "Kittie" stands in the top left, and the text "Until the End" in the bottom right hand corner.
Studio album by
Kittie
ReleasedJuly 26, 2004 (2004-07-26)
RecordedMarch 2004
StudioLong View Farm (North Brookfield, Massachusetts)
Genre
Length41:20
LabelArtemis
ProducerSteve Thompson
Kittie chronology
Safe
(2002) 		Until the End
(2004) 		Never Again
(2006)
Kittie studio album chronology
Oracle
(2001) 		Until the End
(2004) 		Funeral for Yesterday
(2007)
Singles from Until the End
  1. "Into the Darkness"
    Released: June 29, 2004

Until the End is the third studio album by Canadian heavy metal band Kittie, released on July 26, 2004, through Artemis Records. It was their only album with bassist Jennifer Arroyo, who joined the band in March 2002. The album was recorded in March 2004 with producer Steve Thompson at Long View Farm Studios in North Brookfield, Massachusetts. It expands upon the death metal stylings of Kittie's previous album Oracle (2001), while incorporating more melody and dynamics into their sound. Kittie wrote the album while they were engaged in a lawsuit with Artemis, and its lyrics and artwork reflect the band's feelings of frustration and uncertainty during that period. After recording concluded, Kittie recruited guitarist Lisa Marx for a tour in support of the album.

Until the End received mixed reviews from critics, who were divided over its maturity and progression from Kittie's earlier output. The album sold 19,000 copies in its first week and peaked at number 105 on the US Billboard 200 chart and its only single, "Into the Darkness", reached number 116 on the UK Singles Chart. After two promotional tours in support of the album, financial difficulties caused by a lack of touring support from Artemis led to the departures of Arroyo and Marx from Kittie in February 2005; the following month, the band parted ways with the label and went on hiatus.

Background[edit]

In November 2001,[1] Kittie released their second studio album, Oracle. Following a tour of Europe in support of the album, Kittie parted ways with bassist Talena Atfield on March 2, 2002.[2] Jennifer Arroyo, formerly of the rap metal band Spine, was recruited as their new bassist before a tour of the United States that was scheduled for later that month.[2][3] Arroyo had first met Kittie vocalist/guitarist Morgan Lander and drummer Mercedes Lander in 2000, when both of their bands performed on Farmclub.com.[2][4] Morgan and Mercedes felt that Arroyo brought a "a new element" to Kittie with her technical and melodic playing style;[2] during the band's subsequent live performances, they would let her play improvised bass solos to show off her abilities.[5]

On April 1, 2003, Kittie filed a lawsuit against its record label, Artemis Records, and its parent company, Sheridan Square Entertainment, claiming that the label owed them unpaid royalties.[6][7] The lawsuit prevented Kittie from recording a new album, and the band members were unsure if they would stay together through the end of the lawsuit.[8][9] To cope with the uncertainty, they began working on new material.[8][10] Kittie had written five new songs—"Look So Pretty",[11] "Career Suicide", "Until the End", "Burning Bridges",[12] and "Loveless"[13]—prior to their Kiss of Infamy Tour, which commenced in late June 2003.[14][15] The band played all of their new songs on the tour,[12][16] which Mercedes said helped them mature and made the band more comfortable recording them.[17]

Morgan Lander wrote most of Until the End's guitar riffs, lyrics and melodies, with Mercedes and Arroyo contributing some additional arrangements and their own drum tracks and basslines to the album, respectively.[18][19][20] Describing the album's writing process to Metal Edge, Morgan stated: "it starts with a riff and idea, everyone adds their personal touch to the song, and it becomes that song."[19]

Recording and production[edit]

On March 1, 2004, it was announced that Kittie and Artemis Records had settled the lawsuit, and the band commenced recording their third album at Long View Farm Studios in North Brookfield, Massachusetts with producer Steve Thompson,[21] marking the first time the band had recorded outside of their hometown of London, Ontario.[19] Morgan said that the band chose to record at Long View Farm because of its isolated nature and facilities, allowing the band to focus solely on recording.[19][22][23] Recording lasted three weeks, with the band working for at least twelve hours a day in the studio.[24] The band spent little time doing pre-production, as they had finished writing and arranging all of their songs before they went in to record them.[19][25][26] The basic guitar, bass and drum tracks for Until the End were done in the first week of recording; Mercedes' drums were tracked in the space of three days.[19][24][27] The following week, Morgan finished recording her vocals.[28]

Until the End was recorded onto two-inch analogue tape, with minimal digital editing or overdubs.[24][29][30] No click tracks were used.[24][31] Morgan said that Thompson's approach to recording was "more to focus on the song itself" and develop its own individual sound and personality;[30] he and the band would spend time attempting to get specific guitar tones and sounds, sometimes by experimenting with his array of instruments and pedals,[30][32] and others by recording in different rooms at the studio.[19][24][N 1]

In between recording sessions, Kittie held auditions at Long View Farm for a new, permanent replacement for touring guitarist Jeff Phillips, who had left the band to work full-time with his other band, Thine Eyes Bleed.[15][33] After trying out six or seven people, the band recruited Lisa Marx, formerly of the hardcore band To See You Broken.[15] Kittie had first learned of Marx through her bandmates, whom they met at a Seattle show.[8][18] Mercedes—who mistakenly believed she had met her in Seattle—reached out to Marx online,[8][18] and she and the band connected over their shared sense of humour.[34] Artemis Records announced the addition of Marx to Kittie's lineup, as well as Until the End's release date, on April 26, 2004.[17][35]

Composition and lyrics[edit]

It's [the sound of] a band that's starting to understand the balance between heavy and light, and to unite it. It's also a representation of [a] band that is in a lot of trouble, and isn't happy with their situation, and is falling apart.

— Morgan Lander reflecting on Until the End in an interview with the Cleveland Scene (2007)[36]

Until the End has been described as death metal,[37][38][39] heavy metal[40][41] and thrash metal.[42] It expands upon the death metal stylings of Oracle, featuring more melody and dynamics.[40][43][44] Morgan stated that, in contrast to the band's previous albums Spit and Oracle, which featured the bass playing the root note of the guitar's chord, Until the End had varied basslines; in a 2004 interview with the Dallas Music Guide, Arroyo cited Metallica bassist Cliff Burton as a significant influence on her playing style.[18] The album contains heavy riffs, double bass drumming,[45] fluctuating time signatures,[40] and no guitar solos,[39][40] as well as screamed,[40] growled,[39] snarled[46] and clean vocals.[44] As with Kittie's previous albums, its songs are written in drop C tuning.[30] On "Into the Darkness", Kittie experimented with the use of vocal harmony between screamed and melodic, clean vocals, and with a key change in its last chorus;[40] Morgan felt that it was "the most difficult song [she'd] ever written lyrically and vocally".[19] A "vocal remix" of the song, featured as the album's final track, removes the screamed vocals.[40]

According to Morgan Lander, the lyrics of the songs on Until the End reflect Kittie's feelings of frustration and uncertainty amidst their legal struggles with Artemis Records.[9][11] They also cover personal experiences, relationships, and human nature.[45] Morgan said that the album's opening track, "Look So Pretty", was an angry response to menacing acts directed towards unspecified others. She also said that "Pussy Sugar" is about "seeing someone you care about go through a dark, unfortunate time" and realizing one's inability to help them. Morgan stated that "In Dreams" is about perceiving herself as going crazy as a result of stress.[11] "Into the Darkness" reflects Kittie's fear of the unknown.[47][48]

The artwork for Until the End was illustrated by Geoff Mack, from a visual concept by Morgan Lander.[9][20] Morgan said that the cover represented helplessness, "the end of innocence", and the feeling of "being suffocated and held down", the latter referring to Kittie's struggles with Artemis.[9][11] Its title refers to Kittie's feelings of perseverance.[26]

Reception[edit]

Commercial[edit]

Until the End was released in Europe on July 26, 2004, and on the following day in the United States.[17][49] It sold 19,000 copies in its first week of release, debuting at number 105 on the US Billboard 200 chart and number four on Billboard's Top Independent Albums chart.[50][51] The album's only single, "Into the Darkness", was released to radio stations on June 29, 2004.[52][53] It was released as a single in the United Kingdom on August 9, 2004, where it reached number 116 on the UK Singles Chart.[54][55] Kittie filmed a music video for the song, directed by Greg Kaplan and Rafaela Monfradini, which first aired on MTV2's Headbangers Ball on June 19, 2004.[53] The video also received rotation on Fuse and Kerrang! TV, with the latter channel selecting it as the "Video of the Week" for August 18 to 24, 2004.[48][56]

Critical[edit]

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic56/100[61]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[41]
Blabbermouth.net5/10[44]
Blender[46]
Kerrang![57]
Metal Storm6.8/10[39]
NME3/10[42]
Now[58]
Rock Hard7/10[59]
SpinB−[60]
Stylus8/10[40]

On review aggregator website Metacritic, Until the End holds a score of 56 out of 100, based on reviews from seven critics, which indicates "mixed or average reviews".[61] AllMusic reviewer James Christopher Monger praised its heavy composition but noted an "adherence to formulaic modern metal clichés" on some of its later songs.[41] Blabbermouth.net criticised Kittie's "rudimentary songwriting skills" and "mediocre" talents on the album, which they described as a "murk of generic metal".[44] Ox-Fanzine described the album's compositions as "flat as they are superfluous", and stated that Kittie "haven't grown up".[62] Despite finding some "faintly creative moments" on the record, Exclaim!'s Jill Mikkelson commmented that the album's main selling point to be Kittie's "juvenile riot grrrl attitude".[63] George Smith of The Village Voice compared Kittie unfavourably with Slayer, Pungent Stench and Grave and commented that "other than being a product of women, there's only one reason to recommend [Until the End]: It's marginally better than Auf der Maur".[64]

Rick Skidmore of Westword and Kerrang!'s Nick Ruskell stated that Kittie had made significant improvements to their songwriting on Until the End; the latter said that the band "sounds more like their own ... than the Machine Head-ettes of old".[38][57] Rock Hard's Jan Jaedike wrote that although the album's sound was not completely removed from Kittie's earlier nu metal output, its songs had "real hit character".[59] Bjorn Randolph of Stylus Magazine argued that Mercedes' tight sense of groove and Morgan's "dual vocal personae" gave Kittie "the swing and the sing" necessary to differentiate themselves from other heavy metal bands.[40] In a mixed review for the Cleveland Scene, D.X. Ferris stated that Morgan's vocals were "dependent on the cheap duality of her demon growl/angel-swoon vocals".[65] NME's Pete Cashmore criticized Kittie's lack of originality and attempts to incorporate "subtlety and nuance" into the thrash metal genre, which he felt was "to the detriment of a style that should always be about brutality and aural punishment".[42]

In 2022, MetalSucks named Until the End as Kittie's best album, calling it a "perfect example of an awesome band proving their worth to the worthy after all of the fair-weather fans aimed their attention elsewhere".[66]

Touring and aftermath[edit]

From July to August 2004, Kittie embarked on a headline tour with supporting acts Candiria, 36 Crazyfists and Twelve Tribes.[67] The band also performed on one of Roadrunner Records' RoadRage 2004 tour dates at the Worcester Palladium in Worcester, Massachusetts, on August 6, 2004.[68] On August 13, 2004, the band cancelled their remaining tour dates after Mercedes was hospitalized for internal bleeding, caused by a combination of stress and dehydration,[69] prior to a show in Cleveland, Ohio on August 11, 2004.[70] On September 7, 2004, Kittie announced that they would join Otep and Crisis for the Metal Movement Tour from September 27 to November 10, 2004.[71][72] Kittie formed the tour with the intention of raising awareness for women in heavy metal.[73][74]

Despite previously promising to promote the band,[75] Artemis Records offered Kittie limited touring and promotional support for Until the End, forcing Morgan and Mercedes to pay Arroyo, Marx and the band's touring costs with their personal funds.[76][77] Due to their worsening financial situation, Morgan and Mercedes told Arroyo and Marx after Kittie finished touring that they would not be able to pay them a retainer for some time.[77][78] Marx was upset by this, and left the band in February 2005.[77][78][79] Arroyo left Kittie shortly thereafter to pursue work with her other band, Suicide City, which she felt allowed her to have "a more prominent role in the creative process".[76][77] Morgan and Mercedes had anticipated Arroyo's departure, and the split was amicable.[76][80]

Morgan announced Marx and Arroyo's departures through a statement on Kittie's official message board on March 23, 2005, where she blamed Artemis Records lack of support for the band for their departures.[80] At the time, the band were in contract negotiations with Artemis;[81] A week later, on March 31, 2005, Kittie amicably parted ways with Artemis due to "a proposed amendment to the recording budget for the pending fourth Kittie album", after which Morgan and Mercedes put the band on hiatus for six months.[82][83][N 2]

Reflecting on the album in Kittie: Origins/Evolutions (2017), Morgan said:

"Honestly, I like a lot of the songs on Until the End. I don't know [anything] that I regret a lot. Listening back, I kinda maybe wish that we had done things a little bit differently in the studio. Maybe a different producer. Maybe even a different studio. Mind you, ... it was a really fun, awesome recording process. We had a lot of fun, it was a really really great time."[86]

Track listing[edit]

All songs written by Morgan Lander.[20]

No.TitleLength
1."Look So Pretty"5:29
2."Career Suicide"3:55
3."Until the End"4:13
4."Red Flag"3:48
5."Pussy Sugar"4:16
6."In Dreams"3:15
7."Into the Darkness"3:38
8."Burning Bridges"3:07
9."Loveless"2:08
10."Daughters Down"3:40
11."Into the Darkness" (Vocal Remix)3:45
Total length:41:20

Notes

  • Additional arrangements on tracks 1 and 5 by Jennifer Arroyo
  • Additional arrangements on tracks 1, 2, 4 to 7 and 11 by Mercedes Lander
  • The official title of track 5 is "Pussy Sugar", as listed in the album's liner notes, but is listed as "Sugar" on the album's tray card and Spotify.[20][87][88]

Personnel[edit]

The album's personnel are from the liner notes.[20]

Charts[edit]

Chart (2004) Peak
position
UK Independent Albums (OCC)[89] 34
US Billboard 200[50] 105
US Top Independent Albums (Billboard)[50] 4

Release history[edit]

Release history for Until the End
Reigon Label Format Date Catalog # Ref.
Europe
CD July 26, 2004 RCD17017 [49]
United States Artemis July 27, 2004 ATM-CD-51538 [41]
Canada
Europe Metal Mind CD (digipak) November 24, 2008 MASS CD 1245 DG [90]
Various MNRK Music Group LP April 22, 2023 MNK-LP-46873 [91]

References[edit]

Notes

  1. ^ Arroyo and Mercedes recorded all of their parts for Until the End in Long View Farm's control room, whereas Morgan was largely situated in an isolated room on the studio's second floor. She said that this reduced the amount of pressure she felt when recording, "[as] I could just sit up there with my amp and focus."[30]
  2. ^ In Kittie: Origins/Evolutions (2017), Mercedes stated that Kittie had quietly disbanded in early 2005.[84] However, Morgan denied that the band had broken up at the time.[85]

References

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Bibliography[edit]

Print sources

Audiovisual (AV) sources

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

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