1876 in Canada

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See also:	History of Canada; Timeline of Canadian history; List of years in Canada;

Events from the year 1876 in Canada.

Incumbents[edit]

Crown[edit]

Monarch – Victoria^[1]

Federal government[edit]

Governor General – Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood
Prime Minister – Alexander Mackenzie
Chief Justice – William Buell Richards (Ontario)
Parliament – 3rd

Provincial governments[edit]

Lieutenant governors[edit]

Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Joseph Trutch (until June 27) then Albert Norton Richards
Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Alexander Morris
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Samuel Leonard Tilley
Lieutenant Governor of the North-West Territories – David Laird (from October 7)
Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Adams George Archibald
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Donald Alexander Macdonald
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Robert Hodgson
Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – René-Édouard Caron (until December 13) then Luc Letellier de St-Just (from December 15)

Premiers[edit]

Premier of British Columbia – George Anthony Walkem (until February 1) then Andrew Charles Elliott
Premier of Manitoba – Robert Atkinson Davis
Premier of New Brunswick – George Edwin King
Premier of Nova Scotia – Philip Carteret Hill
Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
Premier of Prince Edward Island – Lemuel Cambridge Owen (until August 1) then Louis Henry Davies
Premier of Quebec – Charles Boucher de Boucherville

Territorial governments[edit]

Lieutenant governors[edit]

Lieutenant Governor of Keewatin – Alexander Morris (from October 7)
Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories – Alexander Morris then David Laird

Events[edit]

January 1 – The building of Fredericton City Hall is completed
February 1 – Andrew Elliott becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing George Walkem
April 12 - The Indian Act is passed. Consolidating and expanding on existing Canadian laws, it defines the special status and land regulations of Aboriginal peoples in Canada who live on reserves; status Indians have no vote in Canadian elections and are exempt from taxes
July 1 – The Intercolonial Railway connecting central Canada to the Maritimes is completed
August – Sir Louis Henry Davies becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing Lemuel Cambridge Owen
August 10 – The world's first long-distance phone call connects the Bell residence with a shoe and boot store in nearby Paris, Ontario.
August 23 – The first signings of Treaty 6. Further signings will be on August 28 and September 9.
October 7 – The District of Keewatin (incorporating the disputed area between Ontario and Manitoba) is separated from the North-West Territories.
October 10 – 1876 Prince Edward Island election: Lemuel Cambridge Owen's Conservatives win a second consecutive majority

Full date unknown[edit]

The Toronto Women's Literary Club is founded as a front for the suffrage movement.
The Legislative Council of Manitoba is abolished, and the legislature becomes unicameral.

Sport[edit]

September 20 – The Ottawa Football Club (Ottawa Rough Riders) is established.

Births[edit]

January to June[edit]

January 8 – Matthew Robert Blake, politician (died 1937)
January 21 – James Charles Brady, politician (died 1962)
January 27 – Frank S. Cahill, politician (died 1934)
April 3 – Margaret Anglin, actress, director and producer (died 1958)
April 21 – William Henry Wright, prospector and newspaper owner (died 1951)
June 17 – Thomas Crerar, politician and Minister (died 1975)

July to December[edit]

August 23 – William Melville Martin, politician and Premier of Saskatchewan (died 1970)
September 6 – John Macleod, physician, physiologist and Nobel laureate (died 1935)
October 6 – Ernest Lapointe, politician (died 1941)
November 18 – Walter Seymour Allward, sculptor (died 1955)
December 9 – Berton Churchill, actor (died 1940)

Deaths[edit]

February 4 – Charles-Séraphin Rodier, mayor of Montreal (born 1797)
February 5 – George Ryan, politician (born 1806)
April 5 – Élisabeth Bruyère, nun (born 1818)
June 1 – Malcolm Cameron, businessman and politician (born 1808)
July 3 – Aldis Bernard, mayor of Montreal (born 1810)
July 27 – Thomas-Louis Connolly, Archbishop of Halifax (born 1814)
October 2 – Louis-Ovide Brunet, priest and botanist (born 1826)
October 6 – John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Governor General (born 1807)
December 13 – René-Édouard Caron, 2 Mayor of Quebec City and 2nd Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (born 1800)

Full date unknown[edit]

Edward Feild, Church of England clergyman, inspector of schools, bishop of Newfoundland (born 1801)
Wilson Ruffin Abbott, businessman and landowner (born 1801)

Historical documents[edit]

Bell's Ontario experiments lead to the first long-distance telephone conversation^[2]

Treaty 6 annexes land of Cree and other nations in exchange for reserves subject to sale or development, plus money and supplies^[3]

Mark Twain's anger at a Canadian firm publishing The Adventures of Tom Sawyer without permission^[4]

Emigrant's guide written especially for "people of small fortune"^[5]

References[edit]

^ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
^ Alexander Graham Bell, "First Transmission of Speech over a Telegraph Line in Brantford, August 1876" The Pre-Commercial Period of the Telephone (1911), pgs. 14-16. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ "The Treaty at Forts Carlton and Pitt, Number Six" (September 9, 1876), Voices of the Plains Cree (1973, 1995), pgs. 124-9. Accessed 23 June 2021
^ Samuel Langhorne Clemens, "To Moncure D. Conway, 2 November 1876, Hartford, Conn." Mark Twain Project. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ John J. Rowan, The Emigrant and Sportsman in Canada; Some Experiences of an Old Country Settler (1876). Accessed 23 April 2020

[1] "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.

[2] Alexander Graham Bell, "First Transmission of Speech over a Telegraph Line in Brantford, August 1876" The Pre-Commercial Period of the Telephone (1911), pgs. 14-16. Accessed 16 September 2018

[3] "The Treaty at Forts Carlton and Pitt, Number Six" (September 9, 1876), Voices of the Plains Cree (1973, 1995), pgs. 124-9. Accessed 23 June 2021

[4] Samuel Langhorne Clemens, "To Moncure D. Conway, 2 November 1876, Hartford, Conn." Mark Twain Project. Accessed 16 September 2018

[5] John J. Rowan, The Emigrant and Sportsman in Canada; Some Experiences of an Old Country Settler (1876). Accessed 23 April 2020

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